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Steelmaking Slag as a Valuable Industrial Waste in the Preparation of 5-Substituted-1H-Tetrazoles on Water

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Abstract

The steelmaking slag (SMS) is a by-product of steelmaking factories and a valuable industrial waste, which is a heterogeneous mixture of some common metal oxides such as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. The SMS is a readily available, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, thermally stable, and reusable magnetic heterogeneous catalyst that can be easily handled and it showed a good magneto-catalytic performance. In this work, a successful and versatile water preparation of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles in the presence of steelmaking slag as a catalyst is reported via click reaction. A series of aliphatic and aromatic nitriles underwent via [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction with sodium azide under standard conditions to afford a diverse array of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles in good to excellent yields. The reactions occur at almost low reaction times, with no need of inert reaction conditions and avoids usage or formation of any potentially toxic or explosive chemicals. The SMS catalyst was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray mapping and scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence techniques. Moreover, the procedure is simple, cost effective, and reliable that holds potential for further applications in organic syntheses and industrial requirements.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support received from the committee grant of the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran (Grant No. SCU.SC98.440).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

    P. Movaheditabar, M. Javaherian & V. Nobakht

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  1. P. Movaheditabar
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  3. V. Nobakht
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Correspondence to M. Javaherian.

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All authors have received research grants from Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

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The contributing editor for this article was Veena Sahajwalla.

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Movaheditabar, P., Javaherian, M. & Nobakht, V. Steelmaking Slag as a Valuable Industrial Waste in the Preparation of 5-Substituted-1H-Tetrazoles on Water. J. Sustain. Metall. 8, 882–892 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-022-00533-9

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