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Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and chitosan nanocomposites for the removal of reactive blue-19

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Abstract

The present study investigated the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles and silver-chitosan nanocomposites with the aid of a microwave. Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract was used as a reducing agent. The suitability of the acquired material was additionally assessed as a nanoadsorbent for eliminating RB-19 dye from aqueous solutions. The synthesized materials were also characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering and Zeta-Potential analysis. The results presented the successful formation of silver nanoparticles and nanocomposites with a 220–255 nm particle size. The synthesized adsorbents possessed numerous surface functionalities (OH, −CH, C–O, and C = C). The maximum removal rate of 90% was attained through batch adsorption experiments at a pH level of 3, a contact duration of 10 min, an initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L, and an adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/L. The Freundlich isotherm model accurately described the adsorption process’s effectiveness, as demonstrated by the coefficient of determination (R2) exceeding 0.99. The kinetic data showed high fitting with pseudo-second order in all experimental concentrations, indicating chemisorption is the rate-limiting step. Both synthesized materials exhibited promising antibacterial and antifungal potential; however, they were more active against C. albicans with the maximum zone of inhibition (21.5 ± 0.5 and 22.5 ± 0.3 mm), respectively. The findings indicated that employing the microwave-aided green synthesis method is a promising approach to successfully synthesizing silver chitosan nanocomposite material, which can effectively be used to remediate dye from water streams.

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This work did not receive any funds from any organization/industry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan

    F. Rehman, R. Khan, A. Yaqoob & M. Siddique

  2. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, People’s Republic of China

    A. Ali

  3. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, People’s Republic of China

    A. Ali

  4. Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    M. Zubair

  5. Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Multan, Pakistan

    U. Waheed

  6. Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan

    I. Shahzadi

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  1. F. Rehman
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  4. U. Waheed
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  8. M. Siddique
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Rehman, F., Ali, A., Zubair, M. et al. Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and chitosan nanocomposites for the removal of reactive blue-19. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-024-05674-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-024-05674-w

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