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Development of Photovoltaic Cells: A Materials Prospect and Next-Generation Futuristic Overview

  • Atomic Physics
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Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) solar cells are in high demand as they are environmental friendly, sustainable, and renewable sources of energy. The PV solar cells have great potential to dominate the energy sector. Therefore, a continuous development is required to improve their efficiency. Since the whole PV solar panel works at a maximum efficiency in a solar panel called maximum power point (MPP) and characterized by I–V analysis, an MPP technique has been developed to exploit the PV modules’ maximum power in all possible conditions. Various methods of fabrication for PV solar cells have been discussed in this review. The performances of these PV cells have also been compared and summarized in a table. Moreover, in this review, the development of different generations of PV solar cells and their respective characteristics for future applications have been discussed. Furthermore, the MPP method and its suitability for an artificial neural network (ANN)–based approach to detect the global maximum power point have also been discussed in this review. Finally, the conclusion and future perspective of PV solar cells have been presented.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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No such software application or custom code has been used in this research.

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The author acknowledges the Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, to provide the necessary facilities.

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    Mohammed Farji

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Farji, M. Development of Photovoltaic Cells: A Materials Prospect and Next-Generation Futuristic Overview. Braz J Phys 51, 1916–1928 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-021-00981-w

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