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Preliminary study on the economic assessment of culturing Nannochloropsis sp. in Egypt for the production of biodiesel and high-value biochemicals

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Abstract

The economic feasibility of growing Nannochloropsis sp. at the commercial scale was evaluated for the production of biodiesel and co-products. A local isolate of Nannochoropsis was grown in (6) 200-L raceway ponds at Alexandria University wherein cultures reached maximum cell concentrations ~ 4–6 × 107 cells/mL (0.63–0.88 g/L dry weight) and a peak biomass productivity of 0.09 g/L/day during mid- to late-log growth. Areal productivity was estimated at 17.65 g/m2/day when ponds were operated on a semi-batch schedule, harvesting 50% every 2 days and recycling 60% of the media. Areal productivity was estimated around 10.3 g/m2/day for batch schedules. Late-log cultures harvested from all ponds yielded 10 kg of wet algal paste, which was reduced to 1.05 kg of dried algal powder. The biomass was composed of valuable co-products approx. 14.0% carbohydrate, 37.3% protein, 0.01% chlorophyll-a, and 0.02% carotenoids (w/w). Total lipid made up 38% of the biomass (w/w); 34% of the biomass was determined to be neutral lipid which are transesterified to biodiesel and 4% are polar lipid. Fatty acids from glycerolipids were quantified by gas chromatography-flame-ionization detector (GC-FID) as fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) revealing carbon-chain lengths from C6 to C22. A preliminary economic evaluation was conducted to determine the feasibility of constructing commercial-scale algae biodiesel production facilities in Egypt. The return on investment (ROI) of the current economic feasibility study for biofuel production alone was 22% after considering the market prices of the biodiesel, cake, and glycerol by-products. Based on this assessment, additional high-value products are needed to improve the ROI. Noting that the valuable co-products are considered as added cost in the biomass left after biodiesel production.

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Funding

This study is financially supported by the Cross-Border Cooperation in the Mediterranean Program (ENPI CBCMED), reference number: I-B/2.2/099.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    Nagwa G-E. Mohammady

  2. Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    K. M. El-Khatib, S. A. Abo El-Enin, N. K. Attia, R. El-Araby & Guzine El Diwani

  3. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    M. I. El-Galad

  4. Department of Molecular Biosciences, UTEX Culture Collection of Algae, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Schonna R. Manning

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  1. Nagwa G-E. Mohammady
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Correspondence to K. M. El-Khatib.

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Mohammady, N.GE., El-Khatib, K.M., El-Galad, M.I. et al. Preliminary study on the economic assessment of culturing Nannochloropsis sp. in Egypt for the production of biodiesel and high-value biochemicals. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 12, 3319–3331 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-00878-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-00878-9

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