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Biofuel production from microalgae: challenges and chances

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Abstract

The inherent capability and increased efficiency of microalgae to convert sunlight into solar chemical energy are further enhanced by the higher amount of oils stored in microalgae compared to other land-based plant species. Therefore, the widespread interest in producing biofuels from microalgae has gained considerable interest among leading energy experts and researchers due to the burgeoning global issues stemming from the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, future energy security, increasing greenhouse gas emissions, and the competition for limited resources between food crops and conventional biomass feedstock. This paper aims to present the recent advances in biofuel production from microalgae and the potential benefits of microalgae in the energy and environmental sectors, as well as sustainable development. Besides, bottlenecks and challenges mainly relating to techniques of cultivation and harvesting, as well as downstream processes are completely presented. Promising solutions and novel trends for realizing strategies of producing biofuels from microalgae on an industrial and commercial scale are also discussed in detail. Alternatively, the role of microalgae in the circular economy is thoroughly analyzed, indicating that the potential of scaling up current microalgae-based production could benefit from the waste-to-energy strategy with microalgae as a key intermediate. In the future, further research into combining different microalgae biomass pretreatment techniques, separating the microalgae feedstock from the cultured media, developing new species, and optimizing the biofuel production process should be carried out to reduce the prices of microalgae biofuels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Anh Tuan Hoang

  2. Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226029, India

    Ranjna Sirohi & Ashok Pandey

  3. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Ranjna Sirohi

  4. Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226029, India

    Ashok Pandey

  5. Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, Uttarakhand, India

    Ashok Pandey

  6. University of Split, FESB, Rudjera Boskovica 32, 21000, Split, Croatia

    Sandro Nižetić

  7. Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia, Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Su Shiung Lam

  8. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan

    Wei-Hsin Chen

  9. Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan

    Wei-Hsin Chen

  10. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, 411, Taiwan

    Wei-Hsin Chen

  11. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, Ctra. Nnal. IV-A, Km. 396, 14014, Cordoba, Spain

    Rafael Luque

  12. Peoples Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str, 117198, Moscow, Russia

    Rafael Luque

  13. School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Sabu Thomas

  14. Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe Campus 41001, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Müslüm Arıcı

  15. PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Van Viet Pham

Authors
  1. Anh Tuan Hoang
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  2. Ranjna Sirohi
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  3. Ashok Pandey
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  4. Sandro Nižetić
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  5. Su Shiung Lam
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  6. Wei-Hsin Chen
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  7. Rafael Luque
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  8. Sabu Thomas
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  9. Müslüm Arıcı
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  10. Van Viet Pham
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Correspondence to Anh Tuan Hoang, Ashok Pandey, Wei-Hsin Chen or Van Viet Pham.

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Hoang, A.T., Sirohi, R., Pandey, A. et al. Biofuel production from microalgae: challenges and chances. Phytochem Rev 22, 1089–1126 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-022-09819-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-022-09819-y

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