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In a Vented Square Enclosure, the Effect of a Flexible Baffle Attached to a Solid Cylinder on Mixed Convection

  • Research Article-Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract

The current study focuses on the transient mixed convection within a vented square enclosure with differentially heated vertical walls and a flexible baffle coupled to a circular solid cylinder. In numerical analysis, the COMSOL Multiphysics tool is used to simulate and solve two-dimensional governing equations using the Galerkin finite element approach and the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler (ALE) method, as well as the coupling of structure deflection and fluid flow. This work considered the effects of changing locations of flexible baffles attached to a cylinder on thermal and flow structures. The effect of several parameters, such as Richardson number (10–1 ≤ Ri ≤ 102), Cauchy number (10–12 ≤ Ca ≤ 10–4), and Reynolds numbers, (50 ≤ Re ≤ 250) on convective heat transfer characteristics are investigated for time 0.01 to 10 s. It is observed that changing time steps leads to a continuous change in fluid flow intensity which reflects on the deformation direction of the flexible baffle. The results indicated that the cavity with flexible baffle has the best average Nusselt number compared to cavities with rigid baffle and without baffles, respectively. As Re is raised from 50 to 250, the percentage of the average Nusselt number increased to 40% at Ri = 0.1 and 59% at Ri = 200.

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Abbreviations

Ca :

Cauchy number (−)

ds :

Dimensionless displacement vector

E :

The modulus of elasticity of the baffle

g :

Gravitational acceleration (m/s2)

kr :

Thermal conductivity ratio (-)

L:

Length & height of the cavity (m)

\(\overline{Nu }(t)\) :

Average Nusselt number

\({\overline{Nu} }_{m}\) :

Average Nusselt number over a cyclic period.

\({\mathbf{P}}^{*}\) :

Dimensionless pressure

Pr:

Prandtl number (νf/αf)

q :

Heat transfer rate (W/m2)

R:

The radius of the solid cylinder

Re :

Reynolds number

Ri :

Richardson number

T* :

Temperature (K)

Tc * :

Cold surface Temperature (K)

T ∞ :

Ambient temperature

u :

Dimensionless velocity vector

\({\mathrm{u}}^{*}\) :

Velocity component in x-direction (m/s)

\({\mathrm{v}}^{*}\) :

Velocity component in the y-direction

v :

Velocity component in y-direction (m/s)

X, Y:

Dimensionless coordinate

x, y :

Cartesian coordinates (m

α :

Thermal diffusivity (m2/s)

β :

Thermal expansion coefficient (K−1)

\(\gamma \) :

Nclination angle of the magnetic field

θ :

Dimensionless temperature (T-T∞/Th-T∞)

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (kg/ms):

ν :

Kinematic viscosity (μ /ρ)(Pa. s)

\(\rho \) :

Density (kg/m3)

φ :

Nanoparticle volume fraction (%)

\(\Psi \) :

Dimensionless stream function

\(\psi \) :

Dimensional stream function (m2/s

ω :

Angular velocity (rad/sec)

\(\Omega \) :

Dimensionless angular velocity

bf :

Base Fluid (pure)

c :

Cold

sp :

Solid particle

so :

Conductive solid cylinder

ALE:

Arbitrary Lagrangian-Euler

Cond:

Conduction

Conv:

Convection

FSI:

Fluid–structure interaction

LBM:

Lattice Boltzmann Method

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Funding

The authors would like to thank Al-Mustaqbal University College for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Engineering-Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Babylon, Babylon City, Hilla, Iraq

    Hameed K. Hamzah, Qusay Rasheed Abd Al-Amir, Saba Y. Ahmed, Farooq H. Ali & Isam Megbel Abed

  2. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

    Ammar Abdulkadhim & Azher M. Abed

Authors
  1. Hameed K. Hamzah
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  2. Qusay Rasheed Abd Al-Amir
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  3. Ammar Abdulkadhim
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  4. Saba Y. Ahmed
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  5. Farooq H. Ali
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  6. Azher M. Abed
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  7. Isam Megbel Abed
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Correspondence to Saba Y. Ahmed.

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Hamzah, H.K., Al-Amir, Q.R.A., Abdulkadhim, A. et al. In a Vented Square Enclosure, the Effect of a Flexible Baffle Attached to a Solid Cylinder on Mixed Convection. Arab J Sci Eng 47, 15489–15504 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-06595-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-06595-x

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