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An approach for the online determination of Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) from Kerma Area product (PKA) in digital radiology

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Abstract

We propose determining the entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) from the kerma area product (PKA) in digital radiology. ESAK values were derived from the X-ray tube outputs and patient exposure factors across five X-ray departments. Using linear regression between ESAK and PKA values, the slope and intercept coefficients were determined for each X-ray equipment and procedure. The method was examined using the data collected from patients who underwent chest PA/LAT, abdomen, pelvic AP, and lumbar spine AP/LAT X-ray examinations. The results showed a highly significant correlation between ESAK and PKA values and correlation coefficients, ranging from 0.77 to 1 with P-value < 0.001 in most studies. This method can be employed by incorporating dose data and related parameters into the X-ray device’s software, similar to other dose-displayed information. The online determination of ESAK from PKA could help with quality assurance and patient dose management in digital radiology.

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Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University for funding this work through research group No. RG-21-09-45.

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  1. Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11642, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Ibrahim I. Suliman

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  1. Ibrahim I. Suliman
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Correspondence to Ibrahim I. Suliman.

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Suliman, I.I. An approach for the online determination of Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) from Kerma Area product (PKA) in digital radiology. Phys Eng Sci Med 45, 1055–1061 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-022-01167-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-022-01167-7

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