Abstract
The glyoxalase system, involving Glyoxalase I (GlyI) and Glyoxalase II (Gly II), plays a vital role in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. A novel enzyme Glyoxalase III (Gly III) was found recently from bacteria, yeast, and plant species. This enzyme provides a new way to detoxify Methylglyoxal (MG), a cytotoxic α-oxoaldehyde, which, in excess, can cause complete cell destruction by forming Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) or DNA/RNA mutation. In this background, the current study examined sugarcane transgenic events that exhibit an increase in expression of EaGly III, to assess their performance in terms of germination and biomass production during formative stage under stress conditions. Southern blot analysis outcomes confirmed the integration of transgene in the transgenic plants. The results from quantitative RT-PCR analyses confirmed high expression levels of EaGly III in transgenic events compared to wild type (WT) under salinity (100 and 200 mM NaCl) and drought (withholding watering) conditions. Transgenic events exhibited enhanced biomass productivity ranged between 0.141 Kg/pot and 0.395 Kg/pot under 200 mM salinity and 0.262 Kg/pot and 0.666 Kg/pot under drought stress. Further, transgenic events observed significantly higher germination rates under salinity and drought conditions compared to that of WT. Subcellular localization prediction by EaGlyIII-GFP fusion expression in sugarcane callus showed that it is distributed across the cytoplasm, thus indicating its widespread activity within the cell. These results strongly suggest that enhancing EaGly III activity is a useful strategy to improve the salinity and drought-tolerance in sugarcane as well as other crops.
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Acknowledgements
The authors sincerely acknowledge The Director, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, for the infrastructure and facilities. The authors would also like to thank Mr. K. Selvamuthu for his assistance during the research for the maintenance of plants.
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MVM carried out major experiments and wrote the manuscript. SPTS helped in RNA material collection, isolation and cDNA synthesis. ANJ helped in Southern blot experiments. DS, VR and SGS helped in subcellular localization studies. GR helped in screening of plants under salinity and drought conditions. HG, BR corrected the manuscript and gave critical comments on the manuscript. AC conceptualized the work design, compiled the data and corrected the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Mohanan, M.V., Thelakat Sasikumar, S.P., Jayanarayanan, A.N. et al. Transgenic sugarcane overexpressing Glyoxalase III improved germination and biomass production at formative stage under salinity and water-deficit stress conditions. 3 Biotech 14, 52 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-023-03856-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-023-03856-w