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Comparison of catalytic activity and antimicrobial properties of palladium nanoparticles obtained by Aloe barbadensis and Glycine max extracts, and chemical synthesis

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Abstract

Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were synthesized from potassium tetrachloropalladate (K2PdCl4) with chemical synthesis using NaBH4, and with Aloe barbadensis and Glycine max aqueous extracts as a reducing agent. The synthesized PdNPs were quasi-spherical with 34.24 ± 5.14 nm for A. barbadensis, 19.90 ± 2.84 nm for G. max, and 11.74 ± 1.58 nm for chemically produced PdNPs. Hydrodynamic size and zeta potential were 3174.33 ± 640.9 nm and -18.5 ± 2.11 mV for A. barbadensis; 104.4 ± 0.44 nm and -29.47 ± 0.65 mV for G. max; and 1572.33 ± 110.17 nm and -21.17 ± 1.72 mV for chemically synthesized PdNPs. G. max PdNPs showed better stability than A. barbadensis PdNPs. Spectroscopy analysis suggests that hydroxyl and phenolic compounds participate in a redox reaction with tetrachloropalladate ion. High-Pressure Ion Chromatography (HPIC) confirms the participation of reducing sugars in a redox reaction. 1’-1’ diphenyl picryl-hydrazyle (DPPH) scavenging of G. max was 40.61 ± 2.73%, A. barbadensis of 26.21 ± 4.61%, and chemical PdNPs of 29.85 ± 6%. All PdNPs catalyzed the reaction of NaBH4 with methylene blue, methyl orange, and 4-nitrophenol, except Coomasie Blue. All microbial strains except C. albicans exhibited 0% of growth with the highest concentration. G. max and A. barbadensis PdNPs exhibit similar antioxidant, catalytic and antimicrobial properties than chemical PdNPs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by CONACyT-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología fellowship No. 447906, CONACyT grant of Basic Science No. 258569 and ECOS NORD No. 263456. All authors contributed, read and approved the final manuscript, and declared have no conflict of interest. The authors thank Nanotech, Chemical Analysis, Thermic Analysis, Corrosion, and Spectroscopy and Particle Size Departments of CIMAV-Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados for technical support, and M.Z. Rodríguez-Rodríguez and A.Z. Santana-Jiménez for HPIC support.

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  1. Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, S. C. Miguel de Cervantes 120, C.P. 31136, Chihuahua, Chih, México

    Francisco Javier Morales Santos & Erasmo Orrantia Borunda

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Nuevo Campus Universitario, Circuito No. 1Apdo. postal 1552, C.P. 31240, Chihuahua, Chih, México

    Hilda Amelia Piñón Castillo, Armando QuinteroRamos & Gerardo Zaragoza Galán

  3. Equipe Environment Et Microbiologie, UMR IPREM5254, IBEAS, Université de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour, MELODY group, Pau, France

    Robert Duran

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Supplementary file1 (PNG 76 KB) Figure S1. Thermogravimetric analysis graphic of A. barbadensis PdNPs.

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Supplementary file2 (PNG 425 KB) Figure S2. UV-Vis a) and FT-IR spectra b) of PdNPs synthesized with G. max extract and c) and d) A. barbadensis, respectively.

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Supplementary file3 (PNG 568 KB) Figure S3. Raman spectrogram of a) PdNPs synthesized with by G. max extract at 5% and, b) A. barbadensis PdNPs, c) A. barbadensis extract pre-synthesis and d) A. barbadensis extract post-synthesis.

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Supplementary file4 (PNG 169 KB) Figure S4. Fluorescence spectra (excitation 350 nm) of a) G. max and b) A. barbadensis extracts.

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Supplementary file5 (PNG 158 KB) Figure S5. Antioxidant activity of the different PdNPs, evaluated by DPPH scavenging percentage. Mean ± Standard deviation. Different letters indicates statistically significant differences (p<0.05).

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Supplementary file6 (DOCX 74 KB) Table S1. Comparative table of shape and size of plant mediated PdNPs synthesis. Table S2. Elemental analysis of PdNPs of A. barbadensis and G. max. Table S3. Active vibrations of FTIR spectra of PdNPs and extracts. * C.S. = Chemically synthesized PdNPs, used as a control. PdNPs = Palladium nanoparticles “green synthetized”. Pre. Ext. = Pre-synthesis extract. Post. Ext. = Post-synthesis extract. Table S4. Active vibrations of Raman spectra of G. max PdNPs and extracts. * C.S. = PdNPs chemically synthesized, used as a control. PdNPs = Palladium nanoparticles “green synthetized”. Pre. Ext. = Presynthesis extract. Post. Ext. = Postsynthesis extract. ** ND = Not determined. Table S5. Active vibrations of Raman spectra of A. barbadensis PdNPs. Table S6. Active vibrations of Raman spectra of A. barbadensis pre- and post-synthesis extracts. Table S7. Catalytic activity of plant synthesized PdNPs with dyes.

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Morales Santos, F.J., Piñón Castillo, H.A., QuinteroRamos, A. et al. Comparison of catalytic activity and antimicrobial properties of palladium nanoparticles obtained by Aloe barbadensis and Glycine max extracts, and chemical synthesis. Appl Nanosci 12, 2901–2913 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-022-02601-8

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