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Ectomycorrhizal pre-inoculation of Pinus hartwegii and Abies religiosa is replaced by native fungi in a temperate forest of central Mexico

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Abstract

Few studies have focused on analyzing the effect of native inoculated ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal strains on seedlings under field conditions in temperate forests. However, it is crucial to verify that the positive effects of ECM under nursery conditions also occur in the field, favoring their performance. We evaluated the short-term effect of ECM on three-year-old seedlings of Pinus hartwegii and Abies religiosa in central Mexico by subjecting them to four treatments: inoculation with Inocybe splendens, inoculation with Suillus brevipes (both native strains), inoculation with forest soil, and non-inoculated plants. Percentage of ECM colonization, plant growth (shoot height and stem diameter), and physiological (osmotic potential, stomatal conductance, CO2 assimilation and water use efficiency) responses were evaluated. We found that these two ECM species were partial (P. hartwegii) or totally (A. religiosa) replaced after one and a half years in the field. P. hartwegii seedlings increased their water use efficiency during the dry season, but in A. religiosa seedlings, a clear strategy for avoiding water stress was not detected. This ECM replacement had a negative effect on the physiological performance Of A. religiosa. Our results emphasize the importance of selecting compatible fungal-host species combinations for nursery inoculation and of using sources of inoculum adapted to the environmental conditions of the transplant site, ensuring root colonization prior to field transplanting to minimize seedling mortality due to water stress.

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Acknowledgements

We are very thankful to Dr. Gema Galindo for her help identifying the mycorrhizae, to Dr. Oscar Briones for his advice on the osmotic potential analysis and mostly to Dr. Margarita Collazo for her help with the infrared gas analyzer. We are also grateful to Juan Carlos Peña, Lizbeth Guzmán and Irene Sánchez Gallén for technical and field assistance. Thanks to Salvador Castro chief of the San Luis Tlaxialtemalco nursery. Additionally, we are grateful to the referees and the manuscript editor for their very constructive input. This project was funded by two grants: “Managing Ecosystems and Human Development in the Magdalena River Basin” (SEDEI-PTID-02), and Programa de Apoyo para la Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (PAPIIT-UNAM IN-200906). The Mexican Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) awarded a scholarship to Dulce Flores-Rentería for her studies in the Biological Sciences Graduate Program of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

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  1. Grupo de Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía, CONACYT- CINVESTAV Unidad Saltillo, Av. Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe, C.P, 25900, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico

    Dulce Flores-Rentería

  2. Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito exterior, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico

    Victor L. Barradas

  3. Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito exterior, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico

    Javier Álvarez-Sánchez

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  1. Dulce Flores-Rentería
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  2. Victor L. Barradas
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  3. Javier Álvarez-Sánchez
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Correspondence to Dulce Flores-Rentería.

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Flores-Rentería, D., Barradas, V.L. & Álvarez-Sánchez, J. Ectomycorrhizal pre-inoculation of Pinus hartwegii and Abies religiosa is replaced by native fungi in a temperate forest of central Mexico. Symbiosis 74, 131–144 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-017-0498-z

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