Abstract
The commercial significance of accurate and simple quantification of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) cannot be overstated. Present study was carried out to standardize a method for extraction and accurate quantitation of 2-AP from rice grain using GC-MS/MS equipped with HS-SPME auto sampler. The effect of sample quantity, addition of solvent, grinding process, sample particle size, head space parameters and SPME fiber incubation parameters, were optimized in the developed method. Dehusked rice powder (2 g) prepared under liquid nitrogen, and passed through the 80-mesh sieve, incubated for 40 min at 80 °C in headspace, followed by fiber (DVB/Carbon WR/PDMS) saturation time of 15 min, could produce the maximum response. The recovery of 2-AP from fortified sample ranged between 7.02 and 9.02% at 50–200 ng g−1 fortification irrespective of the grain matrices used. Standard addition method was appropriate to overcome the matrix effect and recovery of 2-AP was more than 90% using this method. The developed method was further utilized for quantification of 2-AP in four Basmati and two non-Basmati aromatic rice samples. The content of 2-AP ranged between 57.17 and 147.10 ng g−1 of rice and varied with geographical location. This fully automated method could improve the work efficiency and reduce error during the volatile extraction and adsorption phase.
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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).
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Abbreviations
- 2-AP:
-
2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline
- HS-SPME:
-
Head space solid phase microextraction
- GC-MS/MS:
-
Triple quadrupole gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- DVB/Carbon WR/PDMS:
-
Divinylbenzene/carbon wide range/polydimethylsiloxane
- DMSO:
-
Dimethyl sulfoxide
- PTFE:
-
Polytetrafluoroethylene
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Acknowledgements
Authors sincerely thank Director, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack for providing technical and financial support. Authors also duly acknowledge the fund received under ICAR-NRRI/EAP-272. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Authors also duly acknowledge the fund received under ICAR-NRRI/EAP-272.
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Conceptualization: TA, SS, AM; Experiment: AM, NB, GA; Instrumentation: AM, SS, PS, TBB; Data analysis and presentation: TA, AM, MC; Draft: AM, TA, SS, GA; Editing: MC, NB, TBB, PS, TA; Project administration: SS.
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Adak, T., Mahanty, A., Sarkar, S. et al. Development and validation of HS-SPME-GCMS/MS method for quantification of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in rice cultivars. J Food Sci Technol 60, 1185–1194 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-023-05674-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-023-05674-7