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Antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effect of sterol rich methanol extract of stem of Musa sapientum (banana) in cholesterol fed wistar rats

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Abstract

Musa sapientum Linn. (English ‘Banana’ family Musaceae), is a plant with nutritive, as well as medicinal value. Antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effect of methanolic extract of stem of this plant was investigated in hypercholesterolemic rats. Rats were made hypercholesterolemic by feeding cholesterol (100 mg/kg/day) suspended in soya oil. Treatment groups received extract at a dose of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/day in addition to cholesterol orally once daily. Fasting blood samples were collected before and after 6 weeks treatment. Animals were sacrificed and liver stored at -80 °C. Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol were estimated in blood. Malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured in blood and liver. Total lipids, HMG CoA redutase and lipoprotein lipase were investigated in liver. Most effective dose was found to be 20 mg/kg/day. Rise in total cholesterol, LDL + VLDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol in animals receiving only cholesterol was 179 %, 417 % and 74 % respectively, while in animals receiving 20 mg/kg dose rise in these parameters was restricted to 40 %, 106 % and 24 %. HDL-cholesterol decreased by 12 % in extract treated group, while it decreased to 36 % in untreated hypercholesterolemic rats. Malonaldialdehyde, marker of lipid peroxidation decreased while reduced glutathione and enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase increased significantly in blood and liver (p < 0.01). Total lipids in liver decreased and enzymes of lipid metabolism viz. HMG CoA redutase and lipoprotein lipase were restored to near normal. Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy indicated high content of sterols in extract. Study demonstrated that methanol extract of stem of Musa sapientum has significant antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi for providing financial assistance. (Grant No. - 45/26/2009/BMS/TRM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110095, India

    Piyush Dikshit, Mool Kumar Tyagi, Kirtikar Shukla, Jasvindar K. Gambhir & Rimi Shukla

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  1. Piyush Dikshit
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  2. Mool Kumar Tyagi
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  3. Kirtikar Shukla
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  4. Jasvindar K. Gambhir
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  5. Rimi Shukla
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Correspondence to Rimi Shukla.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Research highlights

• Musa sapientum (English ‘Banana), is a plant with nutritive, as well as medicinal value.

• Effects of methanolic extract of stem of this plant were evaluated in cholesterol fed rats.

• It was found to have significant antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effect.

• Extract contain phenolics, tannins, terpenoids and steroids.

• GC-MS studies indicated extract to be rich in sterols.

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Dikshit, P., Tyagi, M.K., Shukla, K. et al. Antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effect of sterol rich methanol extract of stem of Musa sapientum (banana) in cholesterol fed wistar rats. J Food Sci Technol 53, 1690–1697 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2096-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2096-5

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