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Changes in biogenic amines and microbial loads in the muscle of orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) during ice storage

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Abstract

The composition of selected biogenic amines, pH, psychrophilic and mesophilic bacterial loads in orange-spotted grouper kept in ice were investigated for 18 days. Fish weighing 800.15 ± 196.85 g were purchased immediately following capture with no eviscerating. In each experimental time, three random fish were withdrawn and each biogenic amine, including histamine, putrescine, cadaverine and tyramine were determined in triplicate using HPLC technique. Although the obtained data showed significant increasing trends (p < 0.05) for all measured amines, the cadaverine was not detected significantly. In addition, there were no detectable biogenic amines initially. However, the highest value for histamine was attributed to 70.37 μg. g−1 of fish muscle obtained at 12th days of storage. The initial (day 0) concentrations were 3.22 and 2.96 μg. g−1 and the maximum levels were obtained 19.87 and 14.37 μg.g−1 for putrescine and tyramine respectively. Biogenic amine index also rises from 0.15 up to 62.57 during 18 days of ice storage. The increases in pH, psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria loads were significant (p < 0.05) as storage time progressed. In this respect, psychrophilic bacteria were considered as dominant microorganism during ice storage of orange-spotted grouper. The best correlation was also observed between tyramine and mesophilic bacteria (r = 0.977, p < 0.001). Although the amounts of biogenic amines were increased during this study, these levels were not exceeded than that of reported as allowable level for human consumption. The results suggest that the control of storage conditions and bacterial presence might play an important role to hider the formation of biogenic amines in fish meat.

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Acknowledgment

We thank all of our colleagues that support us during the study and Professor A A Moshtaghie from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences for reviewing the paper. We would also like to give our appreciations to unknown reviewers for their careful reading and insightful suggestions.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

    Seraj Bita & Takavar Mohammadian

  2. Young Researchers and Elites club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Pedram Malekpouri

  3. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

    Hossein Najafzadeh Varzi

  4. Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, P.O. Box 669, Khorramshahr, Khuzestan, Iran

    Preeta Kochanian

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  1. Seraj Bita
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  2. Pedram Malekpouri
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  5. Preeta Kochanian
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Correspondence to Pedram Malekpouri.

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Bita, S., Malekpouri, P., Mohammadian, T. et al. Changes in biogenic amines and microbial loads in the muscle of orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) during ice storage. J Food Sci Technol 52, 240–248 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-013-0973-3

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