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Effects of pH on isotherm modeling and cation competition for Cd(II) and Cu(II) biosorption on Myriophyllum spicatum from aqueous solutions

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Abstract

The biosorption characteristics of Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions obtained using submerged aquatic plant (Myriophyllum spicatum) biomass were investigated in terms of equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics, and cation competition. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherm of metal ions by M. spicatum biomass and isotherm constants considering the most important parameter, pH. The variation of sorption isotherm constants showed pH dependence. The Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted the equilibrium data well. The maximum biosorption capacity (q m) of M. spicatum biomass was determined to be 29.07 mg/g for the Cd(II) ion at pH 5.0 and 12.12 mg/g for the Cu(II) ion at pH 6.0. Chi square analysis showed that the Freundlich model fitted the equilibrium data better than the Langmuir isotherm. Competition of Cd(II) and Cu(II) in a binary solution showed that the Langmuir monolayer capacity of Cd(II) decreased from 29.07 mg/g with only Cd(II) in solution to 12.02 mg/g in the presence of Cu(II). Kinetics results showed that the biosorption processes of both metal ions followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics well. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (∆G 0, ∆H 0, and ∆S 0) showed that biosorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions onto M. spicatum biomass was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum analysis revealed that Cd(II) and Cu(II) sorption was mainly ascribed to carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, and C–N groups in M. spicatum.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (No. 2012J05030), High-Level Scientific Research Foundation for the Introduction of Talent in XMUT (No. YKJ11028R), and National Natural Science Funds of China (No. 51309197, 51378446).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, 361024, Xiamen, China

    Guoxin Li, Qingsong Li & Guoyuan Chen

  2. Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China

    Dandan Zhang

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  1. Guoxin Li
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  2. Dandan Zhang
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Correspondence to Guoxin Li.

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Li, G., Zhang, D., Li, Q. et al. Effects of pH on isotherm modeling and cation competition for Cd(II) and Cu(II) biosorption on Myriophyllum spicatum from aqueous solutions. Environ Earth Sci 72, 4237–4247 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3319-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3319-1

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