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The Effects of Statins on Bone Formation Around Implants Placed in Animal Bones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Abstract

Background

Implants are preferred for replacement of missing teeth by the clinicians as well as the patients. Lesser alveolar bone density doesn’t preclude any individual for choosing this option but warrants for extra caution. Preclinical studies have explored the osteoinductive potential of statins, but results should be analyzed vigorously before implementing them in humans. There is no meta-analysis to document effect of statins on bone formation around implants in osteoporotic animals.

Methods and material

PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were searched for studies investigating the effect of statins on bone implant contact (BIC %), bone mineral density (BMD %) and bone volume (BV %) around implants at 2, 4 and 12 weeks. Meta-analysis was performed on subgroups with osteoporotic animals which were administered statins through different routes.

Results

Quantitative data from 12 studies showed favorable effect of statins on bone around implants. Positive difference was observed at 4 weeks in BIC (parenteral [SMD = 4.33 (2.89, 5.77); I2 = 3%)], BMD (local [SMD = 1.33 (0.51, 2.15); I2 = 0%] and BV (local [SMD = 1.58 (0.76, 2.40); I2 = 0%]. BIC [SMD = 1.40 (0.89, 1.90); I2 = 0%] and BV [SMD = 3.91 (2.33, 5.50); I2 = 43%] were higher in experimental group after 12 weeks of oral administration.

Conclusions

Statins can be investigated as potential bone graft materials to increase the predictability of osseointegration especially in osteoporotic individuals. Future research should focus to reproduce homogeneous data and conclusive recommendations which can be applied in clinical trials.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Vedha V.P.K. and Dr. Shweta Sharda for cross-checking all the values used for calculations in the meta-analysis.

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  1. Vijayabharathi Paramasivam

    Present address: Prosthodontics, AIIMS, Raipur, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Prosthodontics, Oral Health Sciences Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Gunjan Pruthi, Rhea Mahajan & Vijayabharathi Paramasivam

  2. Public Health Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India

    Arpit Gupta

  3. Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India

    Amol N. Patil

  4. Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India

    Shaweta Kaundal

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Pruthi, G., Mahajan, R., Gupta, A. et al. The Effects of Statins on Bone Formation Around Implants Placed in Animal Bones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 22, 265–286 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-023-01873-z

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