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Depression Severity as a Risk Factor of Sarcopenic Obesity in Morbidly Obese Patients

  • Published:
The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Setting

Etiopathogenic factors of physical disability in obesity are numerous, underestimated and not sought in the non-geriatric population. Amongst these factors, depression may favor the development of sarcopenic obesity by reducing strength and physical performance even in the absence of overt muscle loss.

Objectives & participants

To study the link between depression status and muscle functional disorders (dynapenia) in a population of adult subjects with severe and morbid obesity.

Measurements

Patients were assessed for body composition, grip strength, the Short Physical Performances Battery test (SPPB), for depression according to the Beck II score as well as for metabolic parameters through biological tests.

Results

In 373 obese subjects (mean age 44 ± 13y and BMI 43 ± 6 kg/m2), the prevalence of depression was 53% with 18% having mild depression, 18% moderate depression and 16% severe depression. Depression was significantly related to dynapenia: 62% of dynapenic (D) patients suffered from depression compared to 50% of non-dynapenic (ND) patients (p = 0.036). The Beck questionnaire score for D patients was 20 ± 13 and 15 ± 10 for ND patients (p = 0.001). The depression intensity was significantly correlated with dynapenia with D patients having a higher severe depression degree than ND patients (30% versus 11%; p < 0.0001). Fat-free to fat mass ratio was also significantly correlated with dynapenia (p = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, the presence of depression was twice as likely to be associated with dynapenia.

Conclusions

Depression is associated with a reduction of muscle function in severe obesity in relation to its severity and to changes in fat to fat-free mass, suggesting that screening and prevention of sarcopenic obesity should be considered in adult obese patients with depression.

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Abbreviations

BED:

Binge Eating disorders

BMI:

Body mass index

D:

dynapenic

DBP:

Diastolic blood Pressure

DEBQ:

Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire

FM:

Fat mass

HT:

Hypertension

LM:

lean mass

MDD:

Major depressive disorders

MS:

Metabolic syndrome

ND:

non dynapenic

SAS:

Sleep Apnea Syndrome

SO:

Sarcopenic Obesity

SBP:

Systolic Blood Pressure

SPPB:

Short Physical Performances Battery

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clinical Nutrition Department, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    V. Venant, M. Pouget, C. Lahaye, E. Gentes, J. Debarges, C. Palmier-Forestier, N. Farigon, M. Miolanne & Yves Boirie

  2. Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Unit, Clinical Research Department, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    B. Pereira & C. Lambert

  3. University of Clermont Auvergne, INRA, Human Nutrition Unit, CRNH, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France

    C. Domingues-Faria & Yves Boirie

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  1. V. Venant
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yves Boirie.

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Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Ethical Standards: We declare that the work is in complete adequacy with the current french ethical laws including the required authorizations.

Additional information

The authors’ responsibilities were as follows: VV, CDF, YB and MP: wrote the manuscript; VV and JD conducted research, BP and CeL: conducted the statistical analyses and all authors read and approved the final manuscript. None of the authors reported any conflict of interest related to the study. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Venant, V., Pouget, M., Lahaye, C. et al. Depression Severity as a Risk Factor of Sarcopenic Obesity in Morbidly Obese Patients. J Nutr Health Aging 23, 761–767 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1218-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1218-6

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