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Improvement in antibacterial ability and cell cytotoxicity of Ti–Cu alloy by anodic oxidation

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Abstract

Ti–Cu alloy has potential to be used in plastic surgery and dental implants due to its strong antibacterial properties, high strength and good corrosion resistance. In this paper, Ti–5Cu was anodic-oxidized to enhance the surface compatibility. The influence of the oxidation on the corrosion resistance, antibacterial properties and biological properties was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that a double-layer oxide coating with dense inner layer and porous outside layer was formed on Ti–Cu sample. The oxide coating consisted mainly of TiO2, Cu2O and small amount of CuO, improved the corrosion resistance of Ti–Cu alloy by one order of magnitude due to the formation of the dense oxide inner layer, but high Cu ion release was detected. The plate count results showed that the antibacterial activity of Ti–Cu sample was improved to ≥ 99% due to the comprehensive function of CuO and Cu2O in the coating and Cu2+ release. Cell test results showed that the coating exhibited good cell compatibility, the porous surface structure improved the adhesion of cells, and Cu ion release promoted the cell proliferation.

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摘要

Ti–Cu合金具有优良的抗菌性能, 高强度和良好的耐腐蚀性, 因此有潜力在整形外科和牙科植入物中使用。在本文中, 对Ti–5Cu进行了阳极氧化, 以增强其表面相容性。研究了氧化对耐蚀性, 抗菌性能和生物学性能的影响。 X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果表明, 在Ti–Cu样品上形成了具有致密的内层和多孔的外层的双层氧化物涂层。该氧化物涂层主要由TiO2, Cu2O和少量的CuO组成, 由于形成了致密的氧化物内层, 从而使Ti–Cu合金的耐蚀性提高了一个数量级, 并检测到高的Cu离子释放。平板计数结果表明, 由于CuO和Cu2O在涂层中的全面功能和Cu2+的释放, Ti–Cu样品的抗菌活性提高到 ≥ 99%。细胞测试结果表明, 该涂层表现出良好的细胞相容性, 其多孔表面结构改善了细胞的粘附性, 而铜离子的释放促进了细胞的增殖。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31971253) and Beijing Municipal Health Commission (Nos. BMHC-2019-9, BMHC-2018-4 and PXM2020-026275-000002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Shuang Cao, Zi-Ming Zhang, Lei Yang, Gao-Wu Qin & Er-Lin Zhang

  2. Departments of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China

    Jia-Qi Zhang

  3. Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China

    Ren-Xian Wang & Da-Fu Chen

  4. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Xiao-Yan Wang

  5. Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Lei Yang, Gao-Wu Qin & Er-Lin Zhang

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  1. Shuang Cao
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  2. Zi-Ming Zhang
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Cao, S., Zhang, ZM., Zhang, JQ. et al. Improvement in antibacterial ability and cell cytotoxicity of Ti–Cu alloy by anodic oxidation. Rare Met. 41, 594–609 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01806-0

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