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Geochemistry of shales in the Dalbuing Formation, Arunachal Pradesh, NE India: implications for provenance, tectonic setting, paleoweathering, and paleoredox conditions

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Abstract

We report here the geochemical data of the shales in the Dalbuing Formation of Arunachal Pradesh, NE India. The study infers the provenance, tectonic settings, paleoweathering, paleoredox, and paleoclimatic condition of the region. The results of rare earth elements (REE), Th/U (6.83, i.e., >3.8) and Th/Sc (0.85, i.e., close to 1) ratio, as well as chemical index of alteration (CIA) (82.29%), suggest that sediments were derived from old upper continental crust reflecting felsic provenance composition. The (SiO2)adj value (59.31%, i.e., between 35 and 63%) based discriminant function multi-dimensional diagram for low silica clastic sediments reveal sedimentation in the rift (passive continental margin) and collision (active continental margin) tectonic settings. The values of index of compositional variability (ICV) (0.74, i.e., <1) indicate that the sediments are recycled or intensely weathered first cycle sediments. Furthermore, the major oxides SiO2 and Al2O3+K2O+Na2O-based bivariate plot and relatively similar concentrations of clay minerals illite (30.73%), chlorite (30.72%), and kaolinite (33.39%) divulged that sedimentation took place under both arid and warm-humid conditions showing an increasing trend of chemical maturity of the shales. The Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*) values (1.00, i.e., ≥1), U/Th (0.15, i.e., <0.75), and Ni/Co (2.63, i.e., <5) ratios of the sediments indicate their sedimentation under oxic conditions. The chemical maturity of the sediments and shifting of paleoclimate from arid to warm-humid are interpreted as a tectonically driven mechanism owing to paleolatitudinal change of the area and emergence of Himalayan orogeny.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Head, Department of Geological Sciences, Gauhati University, Assam, India, for allowing us to avail the departmental facilities and the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, New Delhi for supporting infrastructural facility of the department in the form of Grant-in-aid General under 2016-2017 FIST Program (Ref. C.Dy.No.5862/IFD/2016-2017) that availed for this study.  We gratefully acknowledge the Director, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, for major oxide analysis results. The authors also acknowledge the Director of CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad, for giving laboratory facilities for major oxides, trace elements as well as REE analysis. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. M. Ram Mohan, Senior Principal Scientist, Geochemistry Division, NGRI, Hyderabad, for all his encouragement and valuable suggestions through intellectual discussions during the stay at NGRI for geochemical analysis. The authors also acknowledge the Head, Department of Instrumentation & USIC, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, for providing the Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF) for the XRD.

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  1. Department of Geological Sciences, Gauhati University, Gauhati, Assam, 781014, India

    Niku Moni Mudoi, Bikash Gogoi & Panchanan Dehingia

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Mudoi, N.M., Gogoi, B. & Dehingia, P. Geochemistry of shales in the Dalbuing Formation, Arunachal Pradesh, NE India: implications for provenance, tectonic setting, paleoweathering, and paleoredox conditions. Arab J Geosci 15, 486 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-09636-9

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