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Shaking table tests to parametrically evaluate post-shaking settlements and pore water pressure build-up in marine sands

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Abstract

Among the important effects of the liquefaction, the settlement of sands due to the cyclic loading is considered in this paper. In this regard, an experimental program is conducted to investigate the excess pore water pressure ratio (EPWP) and the settlement (presented as the volumetric strains) of Anzali sand. The soil used in experiments is poorly graded sand, SP, in the Unified Soil Classification System. To conduct the study, a series of shaking table tests was performed on the studied sand under different conditions. During the experiments, excess pore water pressures were measured in two ways: by the pressure transducers and standpipe piezometers installed at the same levels, and surface settlements were measured by using three linear variable differential transformers, which were installed at different locations over the soil surface. The influence of different factors is studied in details. Saturated sand specimens were tested in the following categories: (i) tests at different input excitations; (ii) tests at different time durations of acceleration; and (iii) tests at different relative densities. The generation of the excess pore pressure and volumetric strains were measured for each of the tests. Results were analyzed to investigate the influences of the variable parameters. As the main novelty and the contribution to the field, effects of duration of the excitation, frequency and density indexes on the post-cyclic settlements and density changes, and also dilative behavior of liquefying sand under different frequencies are parametrically investigated. In addition, evolutionary polynomial regression-based models, which use the best features of conventional regression models, the genetic programming technique, and the least square method, are, also, proposed for the accurate prediction of the pore water pressure and post-cyclic settlements based on the results of shaking table tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Eng., Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    Ali Ghorbani, Afshar Nemati Mersa, Naser Hamidzadeh & Hadi Hasanzadehshooiili

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Eng., Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Mehdi Veiskarami

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  1. Ali Ghorbani
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  2. Afshar Nemati Mersa
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  3. Mehdi Veiskarami
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  4. Naser Hamidzadeh
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  5. Hadi Hasanzadehshooiili
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Correspondence to Ali Ghorbani.

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Responsible Editor: Zeynal Abiddin Erguler

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Ghorbani, A., Mersa, A.N., Veiskarami, M. et al. Shaking table tests to parametrically evaluate post-shaking settlements and pore water pressure build-up in marine sands. Arab J Geosci 14, 693 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07055-w

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