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A high-concentrated and nonflammable electrolyte for potassium ion-based dual-graphite batteries

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Abstract

Potassium ion-based dual-graphite batteries (KDGBs) emerge as promising devices for large-scale applications due to their high voltage, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional KPF6/carbonate-based electrolytes suffer from severe oxidation decomposition, low concentration, and flammability, which limit the capacity and cyclability of KDGBs. Herein, a nonflammable potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide/triethyl phosphate (KFSI/TEP) electrolyte was designed for KDGBs. When the salt-to-solvent molar ratio increases to 1:1.3, graphite cathode operated at the cut-off potential of 5.2 V exhibits much enhanced capacity, excellent rate capability (26.4 mAh·g−1 at 1.0 A·g−1), and superior cyclability with 98% capacity retention after 350 cycles. Inorganic compounds-rich electrode/electrolyte interphase layers derived from the preferential decomposition of FSI− anions ensure good compatibility of the 1:1.3 KFSI/TEP electrolyte with K metal and graphite anodes. Based on this electrolyte, asassembled KDGBs show high operation voltage of 4.3 V and good cycling performance. This work provides feasibility for developing long-life and safe-operation DGBs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52002081, 51972294, and 51872271).

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  1. Kexin Li and Guiyou Ma contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Kexin Li, Guiyou Ma, Dandan Yu, Wen Luo, Jiaxin Li, Laishun Qin, Yuexiang Huang & Da Chen

  2. Liangxin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Kexin Li

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  1. Kexin Li
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Correspondence to Dandan Yu, Laishun Qin or Da Chen.

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Li, K., Ma, G., Yu, D. et al. A high-concentrated and nonflammable electrolyte for potassium ion-based dual-graphite batteries. Nano Res. 16, 6353–6360 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5438-z

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