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Shape anisotropic Fe3O4 nanotubes for efficient microwave absorption

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Abstract

Although Fe3O4 particles have exhibited excellent microwave absorbing capacity and widely used in practical application due to the synergistic effect of magnetic loss and dielectric loss, their applications are still limited for the required high mass fraction in absorbers. To overcome this problem, the development of Fe3O4 materials with low dimensional structures is necessary. In this study, the shape anisotropic Fe3O4 nanotubes (NTs) with low mass ratios were applied to realize efficient microwave absorption. The NTs with different aspect ratios were prepared through facile electrospinning followed by two-step thermal treatments and mechanical shearing. The cross-linked nanotubular structure enabled the absorbers to have much higher electrical conductivity, multiple scattering, polarization relaxation and better anti-reflection surface, while the shape anisotropic NTs maintained significant multiple resonances with stronger coercivity. These all were beneficial to microwave absorption with enhanced dielectric loss, magnetic loss and sterling impedance matching. Results showed that the absorber with 33.3 wt.% of short Fe3O4 NTs had minimum reflection loss of -58.36 dB at 17.32 GHz with a thickness of 1.27 mm, and had the maximum effective absorbing bandwidth (EAB) of 5.27 GHz when the thickness was 1.53 mm. The absorber with 14.3 wt.% of long Fe3O4 NTs presented the widest EAB in certain radar band with attenuated 80.75% X band and 85% Ku band energy bellow -10 dB at the thickness of 2.65 and 1.53 mm, respectively. This study provided an approach for the development of shape anisotropic magnetic absorbing materials, and broadened their practical applications as magnetic absorbers.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB1104300), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51672150), and Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Jialiang Pan, Min Wang, Haowen Hu, Peng Liu & Hongwei Zhu

  2. The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi, Wuxi, 214035, China

    Jialiang Pan, Honggui Guo & Hui Yang

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  1. Jialiang Pan
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  2. Honggui Guo
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  3. Min Wang
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  4. Hui Yang
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  7. Hongwei Zhu
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Correspondence to Hongwei Zhu.

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Pan, J., Guo, H., Wang, M. et al. Shape anisotropic Fe3O4 nanotubes for efficient microwave absorption. Nano Res. 13, 621–629 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2656-5

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