Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance in staphylococcal hospital isolates with a touchdown multiplex polymerase chain reaction

  • Papers
  • Published:
Folia Microbiologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Staphylococcal hospital isolates (n = 166) were tested in a touchdown multiplex-polymerase chain reaction assay for the identification of methicillin and mupirocin resistance and discrimination of S. aureus (femA gene) from coagulase negative staphylococci and other bacteria. All isolates harbored the 16SrDNA (Staphylococcus genus specific internal control) gene, and 130 (78 %) the mecA (methicillin resistance) gene. Fifty-seven (44 %) of these were determined as methicillin-resistant S. aureus, while the remaining 73 (56 %) were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. Seventy-five (45 %) isolates harbored the ileS-2 (high-level mupirocin resistance) gene and were determined as mupirocin-resistant. This assay represents a simple, rapid, reliable approach for the detection and discrimination of methicillin-and mupirocin-resistant staphylococci.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

CNS:

coagulase-negative staphylococci

MRSA:

methicillin-resistant S. aureus

fem :

factors essential for Mcl resistance

Mup:

mupirocin

Mcl:

methicillin (oxacillin)

PBP2a:

penicillin-binding protein

MRCNS:

methicillin-resistant CNS

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

MRS:

methicillin-resistant staphylococci

mPCR:

multiplex PCR

References

  • Archer G.L.: Staphylococcus aureus: a well-armed pathogen. Clin.Infect.Dis. 26, 1179–1181 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ardiç N., Ozyurt M., Sareyyupoglu B., Haznedaroglu T.: Investigation of erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes in methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Internat.J.Antimicrob.Agents 26, 213–218 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bania J., Dąbrowska A., Różalska B., Sadowska B., Więckowska-szakiel M., Korzekwa K., Żarczyńska A., Bystroń J., Chrzanowska J., Molenda J.: Superantigen types in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. Folia Microbiol. 51, 614–618 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers H.F.: Methicillin resistance in staphylococci: molecular and biochemical basis and clinical implications. Clin.Microbiol.Rev. 10, 781–791 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi S.M., Kim S., Kim H., Lee D.G., Choi J.H., Yoo J.H., Kang J.H., Shin W.S., Kang M.W.: Multiplex PCR for the detection of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species. J.Korean Med.Sci. 18, 631–636 (2003).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Don R.H., Cox P.T., Wainwright B.J., Baker K., Mattick J.S.: Touchdown PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucl.Acids Res. 19, 4008 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira R.B.R., Iorio N.L.P., Malvar K.L., Nunes A.P., Fonseca L.S., Bastos C.C., Santos K.R.: Coagulase-negative staphylococci: comparison of penotypic and genotypic oxacillin susceptibility tests and evaluation of the agar screening test by using different concentrations of oxacillin. J.Clin.Microbiol. 41, 3609–3614 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jahoda D., Nyč O., Pokorný D., Landor I., Krůta T., Sosna A.: Treatment of orthopedic infections caused by resistant staphylococci. Folia Microbiol. 52, 281–286 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kloos W.E., Bannerman T.L.: Staphylococcus and Micrococcus, pp. 264–282 in P.R. Murray, E.J. Baron, M.A. Pfaller, F.C. Tenover, R.H. Yolken (Eds): Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 7th ed. American Society for Microbiology, Washington (DC) 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kocagöz S., Unal S.: The practical use of PCR for rapid detection of methicillin resistance among staphylococcal clinical isolates from Turkish hospitals. J.Clin.Microbiol. 35, 2188–2189 (1997).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leski T.A., Gniadkowski M., Skoczynska A., Stefaniuk E., Trzcinski K., Hryniewicz W.: Outbreak of mupirocin-resistant staphylococci in a hospital in Warsaw, Poland, due to plasmid transmission and clonal spread of several strains. J.Clin.Microbiol. 37, 2781–2788 (1999).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leszczyński P., Weber-Dąbrowska B., Kohutnicka M., łuczak M., Górecki A., Górski A.: Successful eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) intestinal carrier status in a healthcare worker-case report. Folia Microbiol. 51, 236–238 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malíková L., Sedláček I., Nováková D., Němec M.: Ribotyping and biotyping of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from hospital environment. Folia Microbiol. 52, 375–380 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller M.A., Dascal A., Portnoy J., Mendelson J.: Development of mupirocin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after widespread use of nasal mupirocin ointment. Infect.Control Hosp.Epidemiol. 17, 811–813 (1996).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards): Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests, 8th ed. Approved Standard M2-A8. NCCLS, Wayne (USA) 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Novotná G., Spížek J., Janata J.: In vitro activity of telithromycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci with defined resistance genotypes. Folia Microbiol. 52, 593–599 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes E.L.C., Dos Santos K.R.N., Mondino P.J.J., Bastos M.D.O.C., Giambiagi-demarwal M.: Detection of ileS-2 gene encoding mupirocin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by multiplex PCR. J.Bacteriol. 34, 77–81 (1999).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez-Roth E., Claverie-martin F., Villar J., Mendez-alvarez S.: Multiplex PCR for simultaneous identification of Staphylococcus aureus and detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance. J.Clin.Microbiol. 39, 4037–4041 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • dos Santos K.R.N., de Souza Fonseca L., Gontijo Filho P.P.: Emergence of high-level mupirocin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Brazilian university hospitals. Infect.Control Hosp.Epidemiol. 17, 24–27 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitz F.J., Lindenlauf E., Hofmann B., Fluit A.C., Verhoef J., Heinz H.P., Jones M.E.: The prevalence of low-and high-level mupirocin resistance in staphylococci from 19 European hospitals. J.Antimicrob.Chem. 42, 489–495 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strommenger B., Kettlitz C., Werner G., Witte W.: Multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of nine clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus. J.Clin.Microbiol. 41, 4089–4094 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland R., Boon R.J., Griffin K.E., Masters P.J., Slocombe B., White A.R.: Antibacterial activity of mupirocin (pseudomonic acid), a new antibiotic for topical use. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. 27, 495–498 (1985).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vannuffel P., Gigi J., Ezzedine H., Vandercam B., Delmee M., Wauters G., Gala J.L.: Specific detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species by multiplex PCR. J.Clin.Microbiol. 33, 2864–2867 (1995).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walencka E., Sadowska B., Różalska S., Hryniewicz W., Różalska B.: Staphylococcus aureus biofilm as a target for single or repeated doses of oxacillin, vancomycin, linezolid and/or lysostaphin. Folia Microbiol. 51, 381–386 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yun H., Lee S.W., Yoon G.M., Kim S.Y., Choi S., Lee Y.S., Choi E., Kim S.: Prevalence and mechanisms of low-and high-level mupirocin resistance in staphylococci isolated from a Korean hospital. J.Antimicrob.Chem. 51, 619–623 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey

    B. Sareyyüpoğlu

  2. Service of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Gulhane Military Academy, 34668, Haydarpasa, Istanbul, Turkey

    M. Özyurt, T. Haznedaroğlu & N. Ardiç

Authors
  1. B. Sareyyüpoğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Özyurt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Haznedaroğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. N. Ardiç
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. Sareyyüpoğlu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sareyyüpoğlu, B., Özyurt, M., Haznedaroğlu, T. et al. Detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance in staphylococcal hospital isolates with a touchdown multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Folia Microbiol 53, 363–367 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-008-0056-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-008-0056-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation