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Nickel Ammonium Phosphate Nanowires Modified g-C3N4 for Improving the Fire Safety of Epoxy Resin

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Abstract

In this study, we designed a new flame retardant to improve the fire safety performance of epoxy resin (EP). Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was derived from melamine through a solid-phase reaction, after which nickel ammonium phosphate nanowires (NiNH4PO4·H2O) were grown on the g-C3N4 using a hydrothermal method. The resulting material (g-C3N4/NiNH4PO4·H2O) was a halogen-free flame retardant containing effective flame-retardant elements such as C, N, P, and Ni. Subsequently, g-C3N4/NiNH4PO4·H2O was added to EP to test its fire resistance and mechanical properties. When the amount of g-C3N4/NiNH4PO4·H2O was 5 phr (per hundred resin), the peak of smoke production rate and peak heat release rate of the EP composite were reduced by 35.42 and 70.4 %, respectively, compared to those of pure EP. Meanwhile, the limiting oxygen index of the EP composite was enhanced to 30.0 % from 24.5 % (pure EP). Finally, the flame-retardant mechanisms of the gas phase and condensed phase were explored.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Beijing Tianjin Hebei collaborative innovation community construction project [grant numbers 20541401D]; the Key research and development projects of Hebei Province [grant numbers 19211205D] and the Post-graduate’s Innovation Fund Project of Hebei University [grant numbers hbu2019ss074].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China

    Jiahe Li, Weihua Meng, Weiwei Zhang, Zhaoxi Zhou, Tian Wang, Jianzhong Xu & Hongqiang Qu

  2. College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China

    Weihong Wu

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  1. Jiahe Li
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  2. Weihong Wu
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  3. Weihua Meng
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  4. Weiwei Zhang
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  5. Zhaoxi Zhou
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  6. Tian Wang
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Correspondence to Jianzhong Xu or Hongqiang Qu.

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Li, J., Wu, W., Meng, W. et al. Nickel Ammonium Phosphate Nanowires Modified g-C3N4 for Improving the Fire Safety of Epoxy Resin. Fibers Polym 22, 2664–2672 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0928-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0928-7

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