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Psychological Injury and Law: An Integrative Model

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Abstract

This article briefly reviews the literature on three areas of psychological injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic pain, and traumatic brain injury, preparatory to presentation of an integrated biopsychosocial and forensic model of multifactorial causality. The model is the first in the field to (a) cover in one model the three types of psychological injury, (b) while including a full range of causality factors relevant to forensic psychology (such as pre-event, event-, post-event, and unrelated factors), and (c) while addressing the relevance of biopsychological and stress as a cohering factors in all conditions. (d) The model emphasizes the importance of individual differences, for example, in causality of symptom presentation. (e) The model acknowledges that in individual evaluations, psychologists need to consider threats to validity, response biases, and possible malingering, and verify whether pre-event factors fully explain post-event presentation.

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  1. Department of Psychology, Glendon College, York University, 2275 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada, M4N 3M6

    Gerald Young

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Correspondence to Gerald Young.

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Many thanks to Gordon Asmundson, Andy Kane, Izabela Schultz, and Steven Taylor for their helpful comments on the text.

The author’s work has been supported by course leaves granted by both Glendon College and York University, and editorial grants from Springer Science + Business Media.

In terms of possible conflicts of interest, the author has obtained most of his attorney referrals and psycholegal referrals from plaintiff rather than defense attorneys and assessment companies.

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Young, G. Psychological Injury and Law: An Integrative Model. Psychol. Inj. and Law 1, 150–160 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-008-9019-y

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