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Simultaneous Determination of Three Tranquillizers in Lamb Liver by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Abstract

In animal husbandry, diazepam, chlorpromazine, and promethazine are illegally used to promote growth and increase weight, thus leading to food safety problems. Here, an easy and sensitive method was developed for simultaneous determination of these three drugs in lamb liver. Liver sample was extracted with 25 % ammonium hydroxide–ethyl acetate–chloroform (2:17:2, v/v/v) and cleaned up with an alumina N cartridge. The target compounds were quantified and identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI/MS/MS) operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. At the fortified levels of 0.5–5 μg kg−1, recoveries of all drugs in lamb liver were between 94.84 ± 9.78 % to 99.52 ± 11.25 % with 4.48–11.27 % of intra-day coefficient variations (CVs) and 5.72–12.00 % of inter-day CVs. Limit of detection and limit of quantification of the three drugs were 0.05–0.16 μg kg−1 and 0.15–0.50 μg · kg−1, respectively. The method was demonstrated to be reliable and sensitive.

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Acknowledgments

This research was a study related to animals; all institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals (Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, European Rule directive 2010 63 EU, Chinese Food and Drug Inspection Institute of Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Review Guidelines (for Trial Implementation) were monitored.

Conflict of Interest

We indicate that this research has a financial relationship with Agricultural Ministry of China that sponsored the research. Linli Cheng declares that she has no conflict of interest. Jianzhong Shen has received research grants from the Agricultural Ministry of China. Qidi Zhang and Yujie Zhang were students of our department several years ago and have done some work of this research. Suxia Zhang is the direct leader who conducted the whole experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The National Reference Laboratory for Residue Analysis of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China

    Linli Cheng, Jianzhong Shen & Suxia Zhang

  2. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Chengyang, Qingdao, 266109, China

    Qidi Zhang

  3. China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, 100081, China

    Yujie Zhang

Authors
  1. Linli Cheng
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  2. Jianzhong Shen
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  3. Qidi Zhang
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  4. Yujie Zhang
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  5. Suxia Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suxia Zhang.

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Cheng, L., Shen, J., Zhang, Q. et al. Simultaneous Determination of Three Tranquillizers in Lamb Liver by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Food Anal. Methods 8, 1876–1882 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-0069-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-0069-3

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