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Jammer selection for energy harvesting-aided non-orthogonal multiple access: Performance analysis

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Abstract

Energy harvesting-aided non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) meets critical requirements of modern wireless networks in terms of spectral efficiency, communication reliability, and energy efficiency. However, information security for it has not received greatly attentions from both industry and academia. This paper proposes jammer selection to meliorate its security performance. To promptly assess the efficacy of the proposed jammer selection, we propose explicit formulas of connection/secrecy throughput and outage probability for both far and near users accounting for non-linear feature of energy harvesters. These formulas are corroborated by Monte-Carlo simulations and quickly generate innumerable results to reveal a significant/slight influence of energy harvesting nonlinearity on communications reliability/information security. In addition, there exist limits on target data/secrecy rates to avoid complete connection outage (i.e. connection outage probability is one) and achieve complete security (i.e. secrecy outage probability is one). Additionally, the proposed (NOMA-and-proposed jammer selection) scheme significantly outperforms its counterparts (NOMA-and-random jammer selection and orthogonal multiple access-and-proposed jammer selection) in terms of both security and reliability. Nevertheless, there is a trade-off between reliability and security. Notably, the proposed scheme obtains optimum security/reliability performance with proper selection of time/power splitting coefficient.

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Notes

  1. We study NOMA for each cluster of two users owing to the extensively-acknowledged reality that accreting a quantity of users in each cluster is complex and inefficient [51, 52]. Additionally, the two-user NOMA case was recommended for the 3GPP-LTE-A [53, 54]. Notwithstanding, how to cluster two users is outside the scope of our work (please refer to [6, 29, 36, 42, 55] for deep comprehension on NOMA user grouping).

  2. Although that all jammers jam E simultaneously generates higher amount of jamming power to secure better the desired communications, the current paper does not consider this scenario. This is because of the increasing complexity. Indeed, in order to cancel all jamming signals from J jammers from the desired signals at N and F, they need to synchronize these jamming signals. As such, the higher J, the more complex the synchronization. Accordingly, the jammer selection proposed in this paper reduces the complexity of the synchronization significantly.

  3. This paper researches the case that N implements the detection of \(x_n\) solely if N has restored \(x_f\) accurately. The condition to specify whether N has detected \(x_f\) exactly will be presented in the sequel. Consequently, the interference remained after suppressing \(x_f\) out of \({\tilde{y}_n}\) is neglected.

  4. Due to the high number of curves in Fig. 2, the asymptotic analytical results in Subsections 3.1.3 and 3.2.3 are not presented here. Nevertheless, we double-checked the agreement between the asymptotic analytical results and the simulated results at high P, which exposes the precision of the analysis in Subsections 3.1.3 and 3.2.3.

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Funding

This research is funded by Vietnam National University HoChiMinh City (VNU-HCM) under Grant Number B2023-20-08.

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  1. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Khuong Ho-Van

  2. Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Khuong Ho-Van

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Ho-Van, K. Jammer selection for energy harvesting-aided non-orthogonal multiple access: Performance analysis. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 16, 2438–2455 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-023-01542-5

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