Abstract
Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, has been witnessing the incident of land subsidence for many years. The main objective of this study is to estimate the land subsidence of the KMC area by excessive withdrawal of groundwater using the Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) technique. The advantage of this technique is that it estimates the line of sight displacement very precisely from persistent or permanent scatterer (PS) points. A series of Sentinel datasets are used to perform this analysis. It is observed that the velocity of subsidence is significantly high in some parts of the city. Areas like Gardenrich, Thakurpukur, Behala, Nayabad, Mukundapur, Science City, Dumdum, Paikpara, Cossipore, Central, Barabazr and Topsia are showing a concerning amount of subsidence. The maximum decline of the piezometric head is about 7.25 m in this period. The comparison between land subsidence-affected areas and piezometric level change in those areas confirms the reason for subsidence in those regions. So, groundwater extraction should be restricted with proper planning and policy implementation in all parts of the city to manage the problem of land subsidence.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID) and Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) for the groundwater table data and Anirban Kundu, Research scholar, Department of Geography, Asutosh College, Kolkata, for helping with statistical calculations. We convey our sincere gratitude and thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and comments for the improvement of the manuscript.
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Arnab Mondal: Conceptualization, statistical calculation and drafting of manuscript. Prabir Kumar Paul: Supervision, review and editing of the manuscript.
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Communicated by Somnath Dasgupta
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Mondal, A., Paul, P.K. Monitoring of groundwater generated land subsidence by persistent scatterer analysis – A case study of the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC), West Bengal. J Earth Syst Sci 132, 181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02192-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02192-0