Abstract
The groundwater over pumping induced land subsidence is one of the major geological hazards in the alluvial aquifers. The objective of this study is to assess the rate of land subsidence in Kolkata metropolitan area, India. Land subsidence can be estimated with high precision by Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) analysis. The advantages of this method are generation of a mean deformation map. The ENVISAT ASAR data acquired at six different periods over the study site were processed by SBAS technique. The decline in the piezometric head from the year 2003 to 2010 was about 6 m. Land subsidence velocity was ~8 mm/year at Salt Lake City and Science City (near the eastern metropolitan bypass). The major cause for land subsidence is over pumping of groundwater from the confined aquifers in these areas. There is a reasonable comparison between the maximum region of land subsidence and low value piezometric head contours confirming that the over extraction of the confined aquifer of this region is responsible for land subsidence. It is necessary to control the groundwater pumping so as to arrest the declining trend of piezometric head of study area for managing the problem of land subsidence. Hence, the possible remedial measures that can be taken are reducing groundwater pumping in the study region.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, India for funding and the State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID), Kolkata for sharing piezometric head data.
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Communicated by N V Chalapathi Rao
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Suganthi, S., Elango, L. Estimation of groundwater abstraction induced land subsidence by SBAS technique. J Earth Syst Sci 129, 46 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-019-1298-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-019-1298-z