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Zn-Enriched Bacillus cereus Alleviates Cd Toxicity in Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio): Intestinal Microbiota, Bioaccumulation, and Oxidative Stress

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) poisoning in humans and fish represents a significant global problem. Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) is a widely used probiotic in aquaculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of B. cereus in ameliorating Cd-induced toxicity in mirror carp. The biosorption rate of Zn for the B. cereus in 85.99% was significantly more than five strains. All fishes were exposed for 30 days to dietary ZnCl2 (30mg/kg), waterborne Cd (1 mg/L), and/or dietary Zn-enriched B. cereus (Zn 30mg/kg and 107cfu/g B. cereus). At 15 and 30 days, the fishes were sampled, and bioaccumulation, antioxidant activity, and intestinal microbiota were measured. Waterborne Cd exposure caused marked alterations in the composition of the microbiota. Dietary supplementation with Zn-enriched B. cereus can reduce the changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota in Cd exposure and decrease the pathogenic bacteria of Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas in Zn-enriched B. cereus groups. The results obtained indicate that Zn-enriched B. cereus can provide a significant protective effect on the toxicity of cadmium by inhibiting alterations in the levels of bioaccumulation and antioxidant enzyme including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant (T-AOC), and malonaldehyde (MDA). Our results suggest that administration of Zn-enriched B. cereus has the potential to combat Cd toxicity in mirror carp.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (Project Number: 20190201179JC), State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Developmental Biology Project (Project Number. 2019KF001), and Jilin Province Industrial Technology Research and Development Special Project (Project Number: 2019C059-5).

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Author notes

  1. Nan Wang and Yuwei Yin contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China

    Nan Wang, Yuwei Yin, Jia Liu & Yuehong Li

  2. Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China

    Nan Wang, Jia Liu & Yuehong Li

  3. HongShi Farm of Henan Province, Zhoukou, 466263, China

    Yuwei Yin

  4. Xinlicheng Reservoir Management Bureau, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130119, People’s Republic of China

    Changge Xia

  5. Laboratory of Ginseng and Antler Products Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun, 130118, China

    Yueru Li

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  1. Nan Wang
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Correspondence to Yuehong Li.

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All experiments and handling of the animals were conducted according to the research protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Jilin Agricultural University.

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Wang, N., Yin, Y., Xia, C. et al. Zn-Enriched Bacillus cereus Alleviates Cd Toxicity in Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio): Intestinal Microbiota, Bioaccumulation, and Oxidative Stress. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 812–821 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02657-7

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