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Tapping on the Potential of Hyaluronic Acid: from Production to Application

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Abstract

The manufacture, purification, and applications of hyaluronic acid (HA) are discussed in this article. Concerning the growing need for affordable, high-quality HA, it is essential to consider diverse production techniques using renewable resources that pose little risk of cross-contamination. Many microorganisms can now be used to produce HA without limiting the availability of raw materials and in an environmentally friendly manner. The production of HA has been associated with Streptococci A and C, explicitly S. zooepidemicus and S. equi. Different fermentation techniques, including the continuous, batch, fed-batch, and repeated batch culture, have been explored to increase the formation of HA, particularly from S. zooepidemicus. The topic of current interest also involves a complex broth rich in metabolites and residual substrates, intensifying downstream processes to achieve high recovery rates and purity. Although there are already established methods for commercial HA production, the anticipated growth in trade and the diversification of application opportunities necessitate the development of new procedures to produce HA with escalated productivity, specified molecular weights, and purity. In this report, we have enacted the advancement of HA technical research by analyzing bacterial biomanufacturing elements, upstream and downstream methodologies, and commercial-scale HA scenarios.

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Data Availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

Abbreviations

HA:

Hyaluronic acid

MW:

Molecular weight

OA:

Osteoarthritis

MWCO:

Molecular weight cutoff

UDP:

Uridine diphosphate

TMP:

Transmembrane pressure

OVD:

Ophthalmic viscoelastic devices

GAG:

Glycosaminoglycan

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Acknowledgements

It is acknowledged that the Central Instrument Facility Center (CIFC) of the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi has offered technical assistance.

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  1. School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India

    Priya Shukla, Shubhankar Anand, Pradeep Srivastava & Abha Mishra

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India

    Rupika Sinha

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Highlights

•In the medical, pharmaceutical, and polymer sectors, HA, a glycosaminoglycan, holds a prominent position.

•The ideal method for producing sustainable HA is microbial production.

•Due to their advantages in downstream processing, precipitation and ultrafiltration are frequent processes.

•HA production potential and the industrial-scale scenario are discussed.

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Shukla, P., Sinha, R., Anand, S. et al. Tapping on the Potential of Hyaluronic Acid: from Production to Application. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 7132–7157 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04461-6

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