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Structural and Functional Characterization of Exopolysaccharide Produced by a Novel Isolate Bacillus sp. EPS003

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Abstract

An exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing soil bacterium was isolated and characterized using 16S rRNA as Bacillus sp. EPS003. EPS was precipitated using ethanol and % composition of total carbohydrate, and protein was determined. Monosaccharide composition was identified using thin layer chromatography (TLC), and it was found to be a levan. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum revealed the peaks for carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amide functional groups. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum further confirmed the presence of fructose monomer. Field emission scanning electron microscopic images (FE-SEM) revealed porous and amorphous characteristics of EPS which was further confirmed with broad peaks in X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum. Elemental composition was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of EPS resulted in a residual mass of 33.81% at 548 °C indicating high thermal stability. In addition, solubility index and water-holding capacity of EPS were found to be 56% and 264%, respectively, making EPS suitable for various applications. Further, antioxidant potential of EPS was studied using hydroxyl and DPPH radical scavenging assays. In vitro cytotoxicity assessment using L929 cells and SK-MEL-3 cell lines clearly indicated that the EPS produced by the novel isolate Bacillus sp. EPS003 could serve as a potential anticancer agent.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonmous), Sivakasi, 626005, Tamilnadu, India

    Sivasankari Marimuthu & Karthikeyan Rajendran

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Sivasankari Marimuthu and Karthikeyan Rajendran. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sivasankari Marimuthu and all authors commented on the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Karthikeyan Rajendran.

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Key Points

• Isolation and characterization of novel Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Bacillus sp. EPS003 using 16S rRNA sequence.

• Extraction, partial purification, and chemical composition of EPS.

• Structural characterization of EPS using FTIR, NMR, FESEM, XRD, and functional characterization using in vitro antioxidant and anticancer assays.

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Marimuthu, S., Rajendran, K. Structural and Functional Characterization of Exopolysaccharide Produced by a Novel Isolate Bacillus sp. EPS003. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 4583–4601 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04368-2

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