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Microscale Observation via High-Speed X-ray Diffraction of Alloy 718 During In Situ Laser Melting

  • In Situ Synchrotron and Neutron Characterization of Additively Manufactured Alloys
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Abstract

The laser melting process is accompanied by rapid evolution in temperature, phase, structure, and strain because of its high heating and cooling rates. In this study, the evolution of grains within a thin solid plate of Ni alloy 718 during laser processing was probed with in situ high-energy x-ray diffraction experiments. The high temporal and spatial resolution available in the measurement allowed us to study the rapid evolution of the melted region beneath the surface of the sample. The characterization of the evolution of secondary phases, i.e., Laves and carbide, was captured despite the weak diffracted peaks caused by small volume fractions. Thermal history was estimated based on changes in the lattice spacing from the thermal contraction upon cooling. The temporal variation in 2θ with azimuthal direction revealed the evolution in anisotropy of lattice spacing and thus of the mechanical state during laser processing.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant from the National Nuclear Security Administration under grant number DE-NA0003915. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors acknowledge the help of Colorado School of Mines to provide the printed block for this work. The authors acknowledge use of the Materials Characterization Facility at Carnegie Mellon University supported by grant MCF-677785.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA

    Seunghee A. Oh, Rachel E. Lim, Joseph W. Aroh & Anthony D. Rollett

  2. X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA

    Andrew C. Chuang & Niranjan Parab

  3. Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA

    Benjamin J. Gould

  4. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA

    Joel V. Bernier

  5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA

    Tao Sun

  6. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Robert M. Suter

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  1. Seunghee A. Oh
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Correspondence to Anthony D. Rollett.

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Oh, S.A., Lim, R.E., Aroh, J.W. et al. Microscale Observation via High-Speed X-ray Diffraction of Alloy 718 During In Situ Laser Melting. JOM 73, 212–222 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04481-1

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