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Identification of active components from volatiles of Chinese bayberry, Myrica rubra attractive to Drosophila suzukii

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Abstract

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is native to Southeast Asia and now has become a severe pest of several soft fruits in Europe and the Americas. It causes considerable damage to Chinese bayberry, Myrica rubra, in China. In the present study, we employed gas chromatograph–electroantennographic detection (GC–EAD) together with behavioural bioassays and trapping experiments to identify volatile semiochemicals emitted by Chinese bayberry attracting D. suzukii. Electrophysiological experiments revealed the presence of six EAD-active compounds from ripe bayberry fruits, including methyl (E)-3-hexenoate, methyl (E)-2-hexenoate, ethyl (E)-2-hexenoate, α-ylangene, α-humulene and an unidentified compound that elicited consistent antennal response. In two-choice bioassays, bayberry fruits attracted all responding flies, and significantly more flies responded to the volatile extract of bayberry fruits. Four EAD-active compounds were attractive to mated female D. suzukii at lower doses (0.01 and 0.1 µg), but showed repellency at higher doses (10 and 100 µg). Mixtures of these four compounds at different ratios attracted D. suzukii flies at all test doses (0.1, 1 and 10 µg). Both male and female flies were trapped by a mixture of synthetic methyl (E)-3-hexenoate, methyl (E)-2-hexenoate, ethyl (E)-2-hexenoate and α-humulene in a ratio of 1:1.3:1:6.4 in the field trapping experiment. Significantly more males than females were captured in the trap baited with the synthetic blend, and the percentages of D. suzukii captured out of all flies by the traps baited with lure were higher than that baited with blank control. Our findings may provide insights into the olfactory responses of D. suzukii to specific host plant volatiles, and contribute to further development of an effective lure for monitoring D. suzukii in the field.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported through funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement number 613678 (DROPSA).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Plant Protection College, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China

      Yan Liu, Wenxia Dong & Chun Xiao

    2. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

      Yan Liu & Li Chen

    3. MoA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China

      Feng Zhang & Jinping Zhang

    4. CABI, 2800, Delémont, Switzerland

      Marc Kenis

    5. Pherobank BV, 3960 BA, Wijk bij Duurstede, The Netherlands

      Frans Griepink

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    1. Yan Liu
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    Correspondence to Li Chen or Chun Xiao.

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    Handling Editor: Jarmo Holopainen.

    Yan Liu and Wenxia Dong contributed equally to this work.

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    Liu, Y., Dong, W., Zhang, F. et al. Identification of active components from volatiles of Chinese bayberry, Myrica rubra attractive to Drosophila suzukii. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 12, 435–442 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-018-9595-z

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