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Analysis of Gaseous Hydrogen Refueling Process to Develop Thermodynamic Model

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Abstract

Hydrogen is an energy source that is expected to play a major role in energy transition policies that replace fossil fuels. Currently, the main demand for hydrogen is the transportation sector. As the number of fuel cell electric vehicles increases, it has become essential to develop a hydrogen refueling protocol which is a method of safely filling hydrogen associated with hydrogen refueling stations. Hydrogen refueling protocols are proposed to be developed based on thermodynamic models and verified through experimental studies. Developing a simulation model requires thermodynamic analysis of the hydrogen filling process, but such research has not been conducted. In this study, thermodynamic phenomena are analyzed, which take place during the high-pressure hydrogen refueling process using a generic correlation equation with different coefficients corresponding to various thermodynamic properties. By quantitatively analyzing the Joule-Thompson effect which occurs when hydrogen is supplied to an on-board tank, the degree of temperature rise is estimated depending on the hydrogen refueling station operation method. The quantitative contribution of kinetic energy is also analyzed. The kinetic energy is often ignored in a governing equation of thermodynamic models expressed as an energy balance but it is revealed that the term cannot be ignored in high-flow filling process. Inaccuracy which arises when stagnation enthalpy is used instead of static enthalpy in a thermodynamic model is also reviewed, providing a basis for developing a new thermodynamic model.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (Project No. 20203010040010). It was also supported by the Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) (Project No. 21OHTI-C163280-01).

Funding

This article is funded by Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning, 20203010040010, Byung Heung Park, Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement, 21OHTI-C163280-01, Byung Heung Park.

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  1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, 50 Daehak-ro, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 27469, Republic of Korea

    Byung Heung Park

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Park, B.H. Analysis of Gaseous Hydrogen Refueling Process to Develop Thermodynamic Model. Korean J. Chem. Eng. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00165-7

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