Skip to main content
Log in

Generalized sampling expansion for the quaternion linear canonical transform

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Signal, Image and Video Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The theory of quaternions has gained firm ground in recent times and is being widely explored, with the field of signal and image processing being no exception. However, many important aspects of quaternionic signals are yet to be explored, particularly the formulation of generalized sampling expansions (GSE). In the present article, our aim is to formulate the GSE in the realm of a one-dimensional quaternion linear canonical transform. To facilitate the intent, we construct a set of quaternionic filter functions which are used to construct a system of equations determining the synthesis functions for the process of reconstruction. Besides, as a special case, another sampling formula involving the derivatives of the quaternionic signal is also obtained in the sequel. The proposed method not only expands our understanding of quaternionic signal processing but also holds promising implications for various applications in the field. As an endorsement of the obtained results, an example with simulations demonstrating the signal reconstruction is presented at the end.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and materials

The data are provided on the request to the authors.

References

  1. Collins, S.A.: Lens-system diffraction integral written in terms of matrix optics. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 60, 1772–1780 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Moshinsky, M., Quesne, C.: Linear canonical transformations and their unitary representations. J. Math. Phys. 12(8), 1772–1780 (1971)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Healy, J.J., Kutay, M.A., Ozaktas, H.M., Sheridan, J.T.: Linear Canonical Transforms: Theory and Applications. Springer, New York (2016)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. Xu, T.Z., Li, B.Z.: Linear Canonical Transform and its Applications. Science Press, Beijing, China (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ell, T.A., Sangwine, S.J.: Hypercomplex Fourier transforms of color images. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 16, 22–35 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2006.884955

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Bahri, M., Amir, A.K., Resnawati, R., Lande, C.: The quaternion domain Fourier transform and its application in mathematical statistics. IAENG Int. J. Appl. Math. 48, 184–190 (2018)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Bahri, M., Ashino, R., Vaillancourt, R.: Two-dimensional quaternion Fourier transform of type II and quaternion wavelet transform. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Pattern Recognition, Xi’an, China, 15-17, 359-364 (2012)

  8. Bie, H.D., Schepper, N.D., Ell, T.A., Rubrecht, K., Sangwine, S.J.: Connecting spatial and frequency domains for the quaternion Fourier transform. Appl. Math. Comput. 271, 581–593 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2015.09.045

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Guanlei, X., Xiaotong, W., Xiaogang, X.: Fractional quaternion Fourier transform, convolution and correlation. Signal Process. 88, 2511–2517 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2008.04.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Roopkumar, R.: Quaternionic one-dimensional fractional Fourier transform. Optik 127, 11657–11661 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.09.069

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Li, Z.W., Gao, W.B., Li, B.Z.: A new kind of convolution, correlation and product theorems related to quaternion linear canonical transform. Signal Image Video Process. 15, 103–110 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-020-01728-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Jerri, A.J.: The Shannon sampling theorem-its various extensions and applications: A tutorial review. Proc. IEEE 65, 1565–1596 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1977.10771

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Wei, D., Li, Y.: Generalized sampling expansions with multiple sampling rates for lowpass and bandpass signals in the fractional Fourier transform domain. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 64, 4861–4874 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2016.2560148

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Hagai, I.B., Fazi, F.M., Rafaely, B.: Generalized sampling expansion for functions on the sphere. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 60, 5870–5879 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2012.2210549

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Shekarforoush, H., Berthod, M., Zerubia, J.: 3D super-resolution using generalized sampling expansion. In: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing. Washington, DC (1995). https://doi.org/10.5555/839283.841170

  16. Siddiqui, S., Li, B.Z., Samad, M.A.: New sampling expansion related to derivatives in quaternion Fourier transform domain. Mathematics 10, 1217 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/math10081217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wei, D., Ran, Q., Li, Y.: Multichannel sampling expansion in the linear canonical transform domain and its application to superresolution. Opt. Commun. 284(23), 5424–5429 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2011.08.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Shah, F.A., Tantary, A.Y., Zayed, A.I.: Papoulis’ sampling theorem: revisited. Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 64, 118–142 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acha.2023.01.003

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Shah, F.A., Tantary, A.Y.: Sampling and multiplicative filtering associated with the quadratic-phase Fourier transform. Signal Image Video Process. 17, 1745–1752 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-022-02385-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Izen, S.H.: Generalized sampling expansion on lattices. Trans. Sig. Proc. 53(6), 1949–1963 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2005.847841

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Wei, D., Ran, Q., Li, Y.: Generalized sampling expansion for bandlimited signals associated with the fractional Fourier transform. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 17(6), 595–598 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2010.2048642

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Cheng, D., Kou, K.: Generalized sampling expansions associated with quaternion Fourier transform. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 41(06), 55 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.4423

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Hamilton, W.: Elements of Quaternions, Longmans. Green, London (1866)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Vince, J.: Quaternions for Computer Graphics. Springer, London (2011)

  25. Golabek, M., Welcer, M., Szczepanski, C., Krawczyk, M., Zajdel, A., Borodacz, K.: Quaternion attitude control system of highly maneuverable aircraft. Electronics 11, 3775 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Greenblatt, A.B., Agaian, S.S.: Introducing quaternion multi-valued neural networks with numerical examples. Inf. Sci. 423, 326–342 (2018)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Huang, C., Li, J., Gao, G.: Review of quaternion-based color image processing methods. Mathematics 11, 2056 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Bahri, M., Hitzer, E.S.M., Hayashi, A., Ashino, R.: An uncertainty principle for quaternion Fourier transform. Comput. Math. Appl. 56, 2398–2410 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2008.05.032

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  29. Bahri, M., Ashino, R., Vaillancourt, R.: Convolution theorems for quaternion Fourier transform: properties and applications. Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2013, 162769 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/162769

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Bayro-Corrochano, E., Trujillo, N., Naranjo, M.: Quaternion Fourier descriptors for the preprocessing and recognition of spoken words using images of spatiotemporal representations. J. Math. Imaging Vis. 28, 179–190 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-007-0004-y

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. Fu, Y., Li, L.: Paley-Wiener and Boas theorems for the quaternion Fourier transform. Adv. Appl. Clifford Algebras 23, 837–848 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00006-013-0412-6

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Hitzer, E.: Quaternion Fourier transform on quaternion fields and generalizations. Adv. Appl. Clifford Algebr 17, 497–517 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00006-007-0037-8

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  33. Bhat, M.Y., Dar, A.H.: Quaternion offset linear canonical transform in one-dimensional setting. J. Anal. 31, 2613–2622 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41478-023-00585-4

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  34. Bhat, M.Y., Dar, A.H.: Quaternion linear canonical S-transform and associated uncertainty principles. Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut. Inf. Process. 21(1), 55 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219691322500357

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. Siddiqui, S., Li, B.Z.: Quaternionic one-dimensional linear canonical transform. Optik 244, 166914 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Not applicable.

Funding

No funding was received for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

All the authors equally contributed toward this work.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Li Bing-Zhao.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Siddiqui, S., Bing-Zhao, L. & Samad, M.A. Generalized sampling expansion for the quaternion linear canonical transform. SIViP (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-024-03157-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-024-03157-6

Keywords

Navigation