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Involvement of Dietary Fatty Acids in Multiple Biological and Psychological Functions, in Morbidly Obese Subjects

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Abstract

Background

Fatty acid (FA) profile is often altered, in morbidly obese subjects, both before and after bariatric surgery. We measured FA plasma levels before and 6 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), in order to evaluate their relationship with different biological and psychological parameters and the impact of RYGB on the FA plasma levels.

Methods

Thirty eight morbidly obese patients were investigated before RYGB, and 28 of them were reexamined 6 months postoperatively. Anxiety, depression, and quality of life were evaluated by validated questionnaires. Plasma FA (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated ω-6 and ω-3), vitamins A and E, fasting insulinemia, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured.

Results

Before surgery, ω-3 polyunsaturated FA and vit A showed significant negative relationship with fasting insulinemia (γ-linolenic p = 0.03, eicosapentaenoic, vit A p = 0.01) and hs-CRP (eicosapentaenoic p = 0.03, vit A p = 0.02) and a positive link with HDL cholesterol (γ-linolenic p = 0.03, vit A p = 0.02). Depression score was significantly and negatively linked with palmitoleic (p = 0.03), γ-linolenic (p = 0.006), dihomo-γ-linolenic (p = 0.02), and α-linolenic (p = 0.03) acids. After surgery, FA and both vit A and E were significantly reduced. Vit A levels were below 2.4 μmol/l in 63 % of the patients, preoperatively, and in 79 % after surgery. Preoperative levels of linoleic acid were significantly related with the postoperative weight reduction (p = 0.0006).

Conclusions

FA are involved in several biological and psychological functions. The RYGB-induced reduction of FA could have deleterious consequences on vitamin absorption, metabolism, and depression. Thus, the surveillance of FA levels is of primary importance both before and after RYGB.

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Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no conflict of interest.

Statement of Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Statement of Human and Animal Rights

All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospitals of Geneva, Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland

    Anne Chalut-Carpentier, Zoltan Pataky, Alain Golay & Elisabetta Bobbioni-Harsch

  2. University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

    Anne Chalut-Carpentier, Zoltan Pataky, Alain Golay & Elisabetta Bobbioni-Harsch

Authors
  1. Anne Chalut-Carpentier
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  2. Zoltan Pataky
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  3. Alain Golay
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  4. Elisabetta Bobbioni-Harsch
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Correspondence to Zoltan Pataky.

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Chalut-Carpentier, A., Pataky, Z., Golay, A. et al. Involvement of Dietary Fatty Acids in Multiple Biological and Psychological Functions, in Morbidly Obese Subjects. OBES SURG 25, 1031–1038 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-014-1471-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-014-1471-z

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