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High-pressure homogenization-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from Ruta chalepensis

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Abstract

High-pressure homogenization (HPH) was investigated to promote the extraction in water of bioactive molecules from Ruta chalepensis, a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine. Aqueous suspensions (5% wt) of the pre-milled plant were treated by high-shear mixing (HSM), followed by HPH at 100 MPa for up to 10 passes. A considerable decrease in the size of the suspended particles was observed when applying HPH, which was related to cell deagglomeration and fragmentation. In contrast, no significant changes at the cellular level were observed when only maceration or HSM treatments were applied. Remarkably, HPH treatment did not significantly change the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts, but affected their composition: HPLC analysis revealed that HPH treatment significantly increased the content in the aqueous phase of quercetin (+ 452.7%), recovered by fractionation of the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate, and rutin (+ 29.8%), recovered with butanol. In addition, GC/MS analysis of the chloroform fractions obtained from the aqueous extracts revealed that the HPH treatment caused also a significant (p < 0.05) increase in γ-fagarine and chalepin of + 177% and + 1420%, respectively, whereas pteleine, skimmianine, kokusaginine, and arborinine levels were higher in the extracts obtained by maceration than the HPH-treated samples. These findings suggest that the recovery of low water-solubility compounds from R. chalepensis, such as rutin and quercetin, as well as of some alkaloids, such as γ-fagarine and chalepin, significantly improved by HPH-assisted extraction and associated cell disruption effect.

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Data availability

Most of the data not explicitly presented are available in the Supplementary Material. The remaining are available upon request (fdonsi@unisa.it).

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Acknowledgements

The present work was realized within the framework of the scholarship offered by the Algerian government (Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research), which we fully thank. The authors wish to thank Luigi Esposito (University of Salerno) for the particle size analysis of the suspensions and Mariangela Falcone (ProdAlScarl) for the support of the chemical analysis.

Funding

Scholarship from the Algerian government (Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research), awarded to Lynda Gali for the experimental activity carried out in Italy.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Et Ethnobotanique, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature et de La Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algérie

    Lynda Gali & Fatiha Bedjou

  2. Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjeli Nouvelle Ville, P.B E73/UV N°03, Constantine, Algérie

    Lynda Gali

  3. Unilever Innovation Centre Wageningen, Bronland 14, 6708 WH, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Krassimir P. Velikov

  4. Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Krassimir P. Velikov

  5. Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for NanoMaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Krassimir P. Velikov

  6. ProdAl Scarl, via Ponte don Melillo, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy

    Giovanna Ferrari

  7. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy

    Giovanna Ferrari & Francesco Donsì

Authors
  1. Lynda Gali
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  2. Fatiha Bedjou
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  3. Krassimir P. Velikov
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  4. Giovanna Ferrari
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  5. Francesco Donsì
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Lynda Gali and Francesco Donsì. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Lynda Gali and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Francesco Donsì.

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Gali, L., Bedjou, F., Velikov, K.P. et al. High-pressure homogenization-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from Ruta chalepensis. Food Measure 14, 2800–2809 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-020-00525-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-020-00525-x

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