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Effects of natural forest conversion and plantation tree species composition on soil macrofauna communities in Northeast China mountains

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Abstract

As primary and secondary forests are being replaced by plantations across the globe, the soil macrofauna community structure is also affected, but little is known about the impact of mixed culture plantations compared with monocultures on the soil macrofauna. To determine the impact of forest conversion on soil macrofauna, we surveyed the soil macrofauna in two broad-leaved and three coniferous monoculture stands and four coniferous–broadleaved mixed stands, and in adjacent reserved secondary stands as a reference. Soil macrofauna community composition was significant affected by forest type, season and their interaction (P < 0.05). The abundance, taxa richness and diversity of soil macrofauna changed to different degrees depending on the plantation type. Broadleaved monoculture stands and secondary stands had similar macrofauna abundance and taxa richness, but values were lower in coniferous stands than in secondary stands. The Shannon index for macrofauna in coniferous stands was also the lowest, but the Pielou index did not differ between forest types. The negative effects of the conifer monoculture on soil macrofauna were not present in the mixed stands with broad-leaved trees. Forest conversion impacted soil properties; soil moisture, NO3−, and pH were significant drivers of soil macrofauna community structure. The impact of forest conversion on soil macrofauna was closely dependent on tree species composition and diversity. The macrofauna community structure in the broadleaved and the mixed stands were relatively similar to that in the natural forest, and thus recommended for forest conversion in the study area.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Hongli Li, Jianghong Zhang, Jiajing Duan, Rui Gong, Junyi Yu, and Kaiyue Zhu for their precious help during sampling and lab analysis. We also appreciate the field assistance of staff at the Maoershan Research Forests involved in the sampling assignments. Thank to Dr. Yehan Tian for help on statistical analysis and Dr. Nowsherwan Zarif for help with revising grammar and language. We thank two anonymous reviewers for comments that helped to improve the manuscript.

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The work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (572017PZ03,2572020DR04 and 2572019CP16).

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  1. Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management−Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China

    Shuangjiao Ma, Qingcheng Wang, Yong Zhang, Limei Yan, Donghai Cui & Liqing Xu

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Ma, S., Wang, Q., Zhang, Y. et al. Effects of natural forest conversion and plantation tree species composition on soil macrofauna communities in Northeast China mountains. J. For. Res. 34, 1475–1489 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-022-01581-3

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