Abstract
Phase relationships in the Al-Mn-Dy ternary system at 500 °C have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. From the experimental results it was concluded that the isothermal section consists of 16 single-phase regions, 26 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions. Two extensive solid solutions, (Al x Mn1−x )12Dy and (Al1−x Mn x )2Dy, were observed. The solid solution (Al x Mn1−x )12Dy forms by Al replacing Mn in Mn12Dy, while the continuous solid solution (Al1−x Mn x )2Dy forms by Mn and Al mutually substituting in Al2Dy and Mn2Dy, respectively. The maximum solid solubility of Al in Mn12Dy is 79.3 at.%.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y. Du, S. Liu, L. Zhang, H. Xu, D. Zhao, A. Wang, and L. Zhou, An overview on phase equilibria and thermodynamic modeling in multicomponent Al alloys: focusing on the Al-Cu-Fe-Mg-Mn-Ni-Si-Zn system, Calphad, 2011, 35(3), p 427-445
M.E. Krug, A. Werber, D.C. Dunand, and D.N. Seidman, Core-shell nanoscale precipitates in Al-0.06 at.% Sc microalloyed with Tb, Ho, Tm or Lu, Acta Mater., 2010, 58(1), p 134-145
Y. Harada and D.C. Dunand, Microstructure of Al3Sc with ternary rare-earth additions, Intermetallics, 2009, 17(1-2), p 17-24
S. Takayama and N. Tsutsui, A1-Sm and A1-Dy alloy thin films with low resistivity and high thermal stability for microelectronic conductor lines, Thin Solid Films, 1996, 289(1-2), p 289-294
H. Wang, Y. Zhan, and W. Zhou, Phase equilibria of the Al-Mo-Dy ternary system at 873 K, J Phase Equilib Diff, 2013, 34(4), p 322-327
M.A. Gordillo, I. Cernatescu, T.T. Aindow, T.J. Watson, and M. Aindow, Phase stability in a powder-processed Al-Mn-Ce alloy, J. Mater. Sci., 2014, 49(10), p 3742-3754
K.A. Darling, A.J. Roberts, L. Armstrong, D. Kapoor, M.A. Tschopp, L.J. Kecskes, and S.N. Mathaudhu, Influence of Mn solute content on grain size reduction and improved strength in mechanically alloyed Al-Mn alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2014, 589, p 57-65
D.X. Yang, X.Y. Li, D.Y. He, and H. Huang, Effect of minor Er and Zr on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Mn alloy (5083) welded joints, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, 561, p 226-231
H. Li, J. Bin, J. Liu, Z. Gao, and X. Lu, Precipitation evolution and coarsening resistance at 400 °C of Al microalloyed with Zr and Er, Scr. Mater., 2012, 67(1), p 73-76
M.E. van Dalen, T. Gyger, D.C. Dunand, and D.N. Seidman, Effects of Yb and Zr microalloying additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dilute Al-Sc alloys, Acta Mater., 2011, 59(20), p 7615-7626
M.E. Van Dalen, D.C. Dunand, and D.N. Seidman, Microstructural evolution and creep properties of precipitation-strengthened Al-0.06Sc-0.02Gd and Al-0.06Sc-0.02Yb (at.%) alloys, Acta Mater., 2011, 59(13), p 5224-5237
H. Okamoto, Supplemental literature review of binary phase diagrams: Al-Bi, Al-Dy, Al-Gd, Al-Tb, C-Mn, Co-Ga, Cr-Hf, Cr-Na, Er-H, Er-Zr, H-Zr, and Ni-Pb, J. Phase Equilib. Diff., 2014, 35(3), p 343-354
J. Kim, M. Paliwal, S. Zhou, H. Choi, and I.-H. Jung, Critical systematic evaluation and thermodynamic optimization of the Mn-RE system (RE=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Lu) with key experiments for the Mn-Dy system, J. Phase Equilib. Diff., 2014, 35(6), p 670-694
H. Okamoto, Comment on Al-Mn (Aluminum-Manganese), J. Phase Equilib., 1994, 15(1), p 123-124
A.J. McAlister and J.L. Murray, The (Al-Mn) aluminum-manganese system, J. Phase Equilib., 1987, 8(5), p 438-537
J. Bandyopadhyay and K.P. Gupta, Low temperature lattice parameters of Al and Al-Zn alloys and Grüneisen parameter of Al, Cryogenics, 1978, 18(1), p 54-55
G.D. Preston, The crystal structure of beta-manganese, Philos. Mag., 1928, 5(10), p 1207-1225
A.J. Bradley and J. Thewlis, The crystal structure of alpha-manganese, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A, 1927, 115(771), p 456-471
A. Nakaue, Studies on the pressure-temperature phase diagram of Nd, Sm, Gd and Dy, J. Less. Common. Met., 1978, 60(1), p 47-58
J.H.N.V. Vucht and K.H.J. Buschow, On the binary aluminium-rich compounds of the rare-earth elements, Philips Res. Rep., 1964, 19, p 319-322
N.C. Baenziger and J.J. Hegenbarth, Gadolinium and dysprosium intermetallic phases. III. The structures of Gd3Al2, Dy3Al2, Gd5Ge3, Dy5Ge3 and DyAl3, Acta Crystallogr., 1964, 17(5), p 620-621
J.F. Cannon and H.T. Hall, Effect of high pressure on the crystal structures of lanthanide trialuminides, J. Less Common. Met., 1975, 40(3), p 313-328
M.M. Abd-el-Aal, A.S. Ilyushin, A.V. Pechennikov, Y.R. Sharapov, and V.I. Chechnerkov, The structure and magnetic properties of compounds of the Dy1−x Gd x Al2 system, Moscow Univ. Phys. Bull., 1987, 42(3), p 126-129
N.C. Baenziger and J.L. Moriarty, Gadolinium and dyprosium intermetallic phases. II. Laves phases and other structure types, Acta Crystallogr., 1961, 14(9), p 948-950
C. Bècle and R. Lemaire, Structures cristallines des composés DyAl et CeAl et des autres composés equiatomiques de l’aluminium avec les métaux des terres rares, Acta Crystallogr., 1967, 23(5), p 840-845
K.H.J. Buschow, Rare earth-aluminium intermetallic compounds of the form RAl and R3Al2, J. Less. Common Met., 1965, 8(3), p 209-212
Y.R. Sharapov, A.S. Ilyushin, R.S. Torchinova, V.I. Chechernikov, and A.V. Pechennikov, Structure and magnetic Properties of The compound Dy3Al2 crystallized in conditions of Microgravitation, Russ. Metall., 1988, 1988(1), p 192-193
K.H.J. Buschow and A.S.V.D. Goot, The crystal structure of rare-earth aluminium compounds R2Al, J. Less. Common. Met., 1971, 24(1), p 117-120
F.E. Wang and J.V. Gilfrich, The crystal structures of LuMn5 and the RMn12 compounds (where R=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Tm), Acta Crystallogr., 1966, 21(4), p 476-481
H.R. Kiechmayr, Structures of rare earth metal-manganese compounds, Z. Kristallogr., 1967, 124(1), p 152-160
J.H. Wernick, S.E. Haszko, and D. Dorsi, Pseudo-binary systems involving rare earth laves phases, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1962, 23(6), p 567-572
J.G. Barlock and L.F. Mondolfo, Structure of some aluminium-lron-magnesium-manganese-silicon alloys, Z. Metallkd., 1975, 66, p 605-611
A.D.I. Nicol, The structure of MnAl6, Acta Crystallogr., 1953, 6(3), p 285-293
A. Kontio and P. Coppens, New study of the structure of MnAl6, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B, 1981, 37(2), p 433-435
T. Onishi and Y. Nakatani, Crystal structures of MnAl6 and MnAl4, J. Jpn. Inst. Light Met., 1975, 25(7), p 253-258
C.B. Shoemaker, D.A. Keszler, and D.P. Shoemaker, Structure of μ-MnAl4 with composition close to that of quasicrystal phases, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B, 1989, 45(1), p 13-20
A. Kontio, E.D. Stevens, P. Coppens, R.D. Brown, A.E. Dwight, and J.M. Williams, New investigation of the structure of Mn4Al11, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B, 1980, 36(2), p 435-436
K. Schubert, S. Bhan, W. Burkhardt, R. Gohle, H.G. Meissner, M. Pötzschke, and E. Stolz, Some structural results of metallic phases, Sci. Nat., 1960, 47(13), p 303
O. Moze, R.M. Ibberson, R. Caciuffo, and K.H.J. Buschow, On the preferential site occupation of T = Cr or Mn in rare earth compounds of the type RT4Al8, J. Less Common Met., 1990, 166(2), p 329-334
R.L. Davis, R.K. Day, J.B. Dynlop, and B. Barbara, Structure (Neutron) of Er3Al2, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C, 1987, 43, p 1675-1677
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., and F.W. Calderwood, Al-Ho(Aluminium-Holmium), Binary alloy phase diagrams, Vol 1, II, ed., T.B. Massalski, Ed., American Society for Metals, Metals Park, 1990, p 160-161
Y. Zhan, Z. Yang, H. Mo, and Y. Du, Phase equilibria of the Al-V-RE (RE=Gd, Ho) Systems at 773 K (500 °C), Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2011, 43(1), p 29-36
T. Gödecke and W. Köster, An addition to the phase diagram of the Al-Mn system, Z. Metallkd., 1971, 62, p 727-732
Z.A. Sviderskaya, E.S. Kadaner, N.I. Turkina, and V.I. Kuzmina, Boundary of the solid solution in the aluminum corner of the Alumimun-Mangnaese-Lithium system, Met. Sci. Heat Treat., 1963, 5(12), p 684-687
A. Jansson, A thermodynamic evaluation of the Al-Mn system, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1992, 23(11), p 2953-2962
X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, and K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessment of the aluminum-manganese (Al-Mn) binary phase diagram, J. Phase Equilib., 1999, 20(1), p 45-56
Y. Du, J. Wang, J.R. Zhao, J.C. Schuster, F. Weitzer, R. Schmid-Fetzer, M. Ohno, H.H. Xu, Z.K. Liu, S.L. Shang, and W.Q. Zhang, Reassessment of the Al-Mn system and a thermodynamic description of the Al-Mg-Mn system, Z. Metallkd., 2007, 98(9), p 855-871
Acknowledgments
This work was jointly supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (No. 2013GXNSFAA019315), Guangxi Educational Institute Science Project (YB2014108), Guangxi Undergraduate Student Innovation project (2013CX061), and Science Project of Guangxi University for Nationalities (2011MDYB039).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Meng, Jl., Liang, Jl., Zhu, Jm. et al. Isothermal Section of the Al-Mn-Dy System at 500 °C. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 37, 718–725 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-016-0502-y
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-016-0502-y