Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Orthorhombic α-MoO3 Coatings with Lath-Shaped Morphology Developed by SPPS: Applications to Super-Capacitors

  • Peer-Reviewed
  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Electrical double-layer capacitors owe their large capacitance to the formation of a double-layer at the electrode/electrolyte interface of high surface area carbon-based electrode materials. Greater electrical energy storage capacity has been attributed to transition metal oxides/nitrides that undergo fast, reversible redox reactions at the electrode surface (pseudo-capacitive behavior) in addition to forming electrical double-layers. Solution Precursor Plasma Spray (SPPS) has shown promise for depositing porous, high surface area transition metal oxides. This investigation explored the potential of SPPS to fabricate α-MoO3 coatings with micro-structures suitable for use as super-capacitor electrodes. The effects of number of spray passes, spray distance, solution concentration, flow rate and spray velocity on the chemistry and micro-structure of the α-MoO3 deposits were examined. DTA/TGA, SEM, XRD, and electrochemical analyses were performed to characterize the coatings. The results demonstrate the importance of post-deposition heating of the deposit by subsequent passes of the plasma on the coating morphology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Pawlowski, Suspension and Solution Thermal Spray Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2009, 203(19), p 2807-2829

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. T. Bhatia, A. Ozturk, L. Xie, E.H. Jordan, B.M. Cetegen, M. Gell, X. Ma, and N.P. Padture, Mechanisms of Ceramic Coating Deposition in Solution-Precursor Plasma Spray, J. Mater. Res., 2002, 17(9), p 2363-2372

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Y. Wang and T.W. Coyle, Optimization of Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process by Statistical Design of Experiment, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2008, 17(5-6), p 692-699

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. D. Chen, E. Jordan, and M. Gell, Effect of Solution Concentration on Splat Formation and Coating Microstructure Using the Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 202, p 2132-2138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. S. Basu and B.M. Cetegen, Modeling of Thermo-Physical Processes in Liquid Ceramic Precursor Droplets Injected into a Plasma Jet, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2007, 50(17-18), p 3278-3290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. K. Chien, M. Golozar, and T.W. Coyle, Effect of Solution Chemistry on Coating Microstructure by Solution Precursor Plasma Spraying, Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, July 24-29, 2011 (Philadelphia), 2011

  7. M. Golozar, K. Chien, and T.W. Coyle, Deposition of Lath-Shaped α-MoO3 Particles by Solution Precursor Plasma Spray, Proceedings of the 20 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, July 24-29, 2011 (Philadelphia), 2011

  8. T. Brezesinski, J. Wang, S.H. Tolbert, and B. Dunn, Ordered Mesoporous α-MoO3 with Iso-Oriented Nanocrystalline Walls for Thin-Film Pseudocapacitors, Nat. Mater., 2010, 9(2), p 146-151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Simon and Y. Gogotsi, Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors, Nat. Mater., 2008, 7(11), p 845-854

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. L. Chen, L. Pershin, and J. Mostaghimi, A New Highly Efficient High-Power DC Plasma Torch, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2008, 36(4), p 1068-1069

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. L. Pershin, L. Chen, and J. Mostaghimi, Comparison of Molecular and Argon Gases for Plasma Spraying, Thermal Spray 2007: Global Coating Solutions, B.R. Marple, M.M. Hyland, Y.-C. Lau, C.-J. Li, R.S. Lima, and G. Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007, p 266-269

    Google Scholar 

  12. L. Chen, J. Mostaghimi, and L. Pershin, Numerical Simulations of Cascaded Plasma Torch Using Ar and Molecular Gases, Thermal Spray 2007: Global Coating Solutions, B.R. Marple, M.M. Hyland, Y.-C. Lau, C.-J. Li, R.S. Lima, and G. Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007, p 158-162

    Google Scholar 

  13. L. Pershin, L. Chen, and J. Mostaghimi, Deposition of YSZ Coatings by a High Efficiency DC Plasma Torch, Surface Modification Technologies XXI, T.S. Sudarshan and M. Jeandin, Ed., ASM International, Paris, 2007,

    Google Scholar 

  14. E. Shimao, Structure of the Mo7O24 6− Ion in a Crystal of Ammonium Heptamolybdate Tetrahydrate, Nature Materials, 1967, 214, p 170-171

    Google Scholar 

  15. C. Li, H. Zhang, K. Wang, Y. Miao, and Q. Xin, FT-IR Emission Spectroscopic Studies of the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Molybdate, Vanadate, and Tungstate, Appl. Spectrosc., 1993, 47(1), p 56-61

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Wienold, R.E. Jentoft, and T. Ressler, Structural Investigation of the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Heptamolybdate by In Situ XAFS and XRD, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2003, 6, p 1058-1071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Z.L. Yin, X.H. Li, Q.S. Zhao, S.Y. Chen, G.R. Liu, and S.Q. Wang, Study on the Thermal Decomposition of a Commercial Polyphase Ammonium Tetramolybdate, Thermochim. Acta, 1994, 244, p 283-289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. R.S. Patil, M.D. Uplane, and P.S. Patil, Electrosynthesis of Electrochromic Molybdenum Oxide Thin Films with Rod-Like Features, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2008, 3, p 259-265

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. T.M. McEvoy, K.J. Stevenson, J.T. Hupp, and X. Dang, Electrochemical Preparation of Molybdenum Trioxide Thin Films: Effect of Sintering on Electrochromic and Electroinsertion Properties, Langmuir, 2003, 19(10), p 4316-4326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. E.A. Gulbransen, K.F. Andrew, and F.A. Brassart, Vapor Pressure of Molybdenum Trioxide, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1963, 110(3), p 242-243

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. P.E. Blackburn, M. Hoch, and H.L. Johnston, The Vaporization of Molybdenum and Tungsten Oxides, J. Phys. Chem., 1958, 62(7), p 769-773

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. M.S. Samant, A.S. Kerkar, S.R. Bharadwaj, and S.R. Dharwadkar, Thermodynamic Investigation of the Vaporization of Molybdenum Trioxide, J. Alloys Compd., 1992, 187, p 373-379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Berkowitz, M.G. Inghram, and W.A. Chupka, Polymeric Gaseous Species in the Sublimation of Molybdenum Trioxide, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26(4), p 842-846

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Dr. Larry Pershin in our laboratory, Centre for Advanced Coating Technologies (CACT), for his contributions to the SPPS experiments. A special thanks to Miss Sanaz Ketabi from Flexible Energy and Electronics Laboratory for assisting us with the electrochemical analysis of the coatings. Also, a special thanks to Mr. Emil Cocirla from Can-Am Instruments Ltd. for his time and support with regards to the viscosity measurements of the solutions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Centre for Advanced Coating Technologies (CACT), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Mehdi Golozar, Ken Chien & Thomas W. Coyle

Authors
  1. Mehdi Golozar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ken Chien
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Thomas W. Coyle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehdi Golozar.

Additional information

This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2011 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Thermal Spray 2011: Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference, Hamburg, Germany, September 27-29, 2011, Basil R. Marple, Arvind Agarwal, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and André McDonald, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2011.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Golozar, M., Chien, K. & Coyle, T.W. Orthorhombic α-MoO3 Coatings with Lath-Shaped Morphology Developed by SPPS: Applications to Super-Capacitors. J Therm Spray Tech 21, 469–479 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-012-9759-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-012-9759-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation