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Thermophysical Properties of Cold- and Vacuum Plasma-Sprayed Cu-Cr-X Alloys, NiAl and NiCrAlY Coatings II: Specific Heat Capacity

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Abstract

Part I of the paper discussed the temperature dependencies of the electrical resistivities, thermal conductivities, thermal diffusivities and total hemispherical emissivities of several vacuum plasma-sprayed (VPS) and cold-sprayed (CS) copper alloy monolithic coatings, VPS NiAl, VPS NiCrAlY, extruded GRCop-84 and as-cast Cu-17(wt.%)Cr-5%Al. Part II discusses the temperature dependencies of the constant-pressure specific heat capacities, C P, of these coatings. The data were empirically regression-fitted with the equation:

$${\varvec{C}}_{\mathbf{P}} = {\mathbf{ AT}}^{\mathbf 4} + {\mathbf{BT}}^{\mathbf 3} + {\mathbf{CT}}^{\mathbf 2} + {\mathbf{DT}} + \varvec{E}$$

where T is the absolute temperature and A, B, C, D and E are regression constants. The temperature dependencies of the molar enthalpy, molar entropy and Gibbs molar free energy determined from experimental values of molar specific heat capacity are reported. Calculated values of C P using the Neumann–Kopp (NK) rule were in poor agreement with experimental data. Instead, a modification of the NK rule was found to predict values closer to the experimental data with an absolute deviation less than 6.5%. The specific molar heat capacities for all the alloys did not agree with the Dulong–Petit law, and C P > 3R, where R is the universal gas constant, were measured for all the alloys except NiAl for which C P < 3R at all temperatures.

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Notes

  1. The term “monolithic coatings” is used in a generic manner in this paper to distinguish cold- and vacuum plasma-sprayed powders from cast or extruded alloys.

  2. It is noted that the NASA polynomial equation was a better fit to the experimental data than the other commonly used empirical equation C P = E 1 + D 1*T + C 1/T 2 [7].

  3. Although C P was used to describe the experimental data in Fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the term (C P)expt is used in Fig. 5, 6 and 7 specifically to distinguish the experimental data from the values calculated using Eq 2. It is noted that the experimental data shown in Fig. 5, 6 and 7 are identical to those shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

  4. The deviation was defined as ((C P)NK − (C P)expt)/(C P)expt). Only absolute values are reported.

  5. Since the specific heat measurements were not conducted between 0 and 295 K, the form of the Eq 3 has to be consistent with theories on low-temperature specific heat capacities. In the absence of experimental data, Eq 3 is provided to enable the estimation of design parameters of the RLV combustion chamber in the cryogenic range.

  6. It should be noted that this assumption allows the calculation of the absolute values H T , S T and G T rather than ΔH T , ΔS T , and ΔG T .

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Acknowledgments

The experimental measurements were conducted by the Thermophysical Properties Research Laboratory, Inc. (TPRL), West Lafayette, IN under contract, and these contributions are gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. NASA Glenn Research Center, MS 106-5, 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, OH, 44135, USA

    S. V. Raj

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Raj, S.V. Thermophysical Properties of Cold- and Vacuum Plasma-Sprayed Cu-Cr-X Alloys, NiAl and NiCrAlY Coatings II: Specific Heat Capacity. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 26, 5472–5480 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-3015-x

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