Abstract
We have investigated the partial replacement of Pt with other less expensive Pt group metals on the properties of γ′ + γ bond coats used in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) deposited on a nickel-base superalloy. The microstructure, thermal stability, oxidation behavior and performance in TBC systems of bond coats synthesized with Pt + Ru, Pt + Ir and Pt + Rh are compared with those of a reference bond coat synthesized with Pt. Yttria-stabilized zirconia has been employed as top coat in all coating systems. It is shown that at high temperatures all bond coats are degraded by interdiffusion and oxidation, however, with different kinetics. The lifetime of each TBC system is found to be limited by the cohesion between the thermally grown oxide and underlying bond coat. Differences in the behavior of various bond coats are correlated with their properties. Among the three Pt group metals investigated, the properties of the Pt + Ru bond coat are shown to closely approach those of the Pt bond coat. It is concluded that Ru with much lower cost presents a potential candidate for reducing the consumption of Pt.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M.P. Boyce, Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, Waltham, MA, 2012, p 1–87
T. Giampaolo, The Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices, 2nd ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 2003, p 45–66
H.E. Miller and W.L. Chambers, Gas Turbine Design and Superalloys, Superalloys II, C.T. Sims, N.S. Stoloff, and W.C. Hagel, Ed., Wiley, New York, 1987, p 27–58
R.C. Reed, The Superalloys: Fundamentals and Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006
M.J. Donachie and S.J. Donachie, The Superalloys: A Technical Guide, 2nd ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2002
S. Bose, High Temperature Coatings, Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, Burlington, MA, 2007, p 71–226
J.H. Wood and E. Goldman, Protective coatings, Superalloys II, C.T. Sims, N.S. Stoloff, and W.C. Hagel, Ed., Wiley, New York, 1987, p 359–384
C.T. Sims, Non-Metallic Materials for Gas Turbine Engines: Are They Real, Adv. Mater. Process., 1991, 139, p 32–39
H. Lammermann and G. Kienel, Physical Vapor Deposition Coatings for Aircraft Turbine Blades, Adv. Mater. Process., 1991, 140, p 18–23
R.E. Demaray, J.W. Fairbanks, and D.H. Boone, Physical Vapor Deposition of Ceramic Coatings for Gas Turbine Engine Components, ASME 1982 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit, ASME, New York, 1982, Paper Number 82-GT-264.
H.M. Tawancy, A.I. Mohamed, L.M. Al-Hadhrami, H. Dafalla, and F.K. Alyousf, On the Performance and Failure Mechanism of Thermal Barrier Coating Systems Used in Gas Turbine Blade Applications: Influence of Superalloy/Bond Coat Combination, Eng. Fail. Anal., 2015, 57, p 1–20
H.M. Tawancy, L.M. Al-Hadhrami, A.I. Mohamed, F.K. Alyousf, and H. Dafalla, Oxidation Behavior of Selected Bond Coats Based on the γ′ + γ Structure and their Performance in Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited on a Nickel-Based Superalloy, Oxid. Met., 2015, 83, p 417–440
H.M. Tawancy, N. Sridhar, N.M. Abbas, and D.S. Rickerby, Comparative Performance of Selected Bond Coats in Advanced Thermal Barrier Coating Systems, J. Mater. Sci., 2000, 35, p 3615–3629
B.A. Pint, I.G. Wright, W.Y. Lee, Y. Zhang, K. Brubner, and K.B. Alexander, Substrate and Bond Coat Compositions: Factors Affecting Alumina Scale Adhesion, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1998, A245, p 201–211
J.A. Haynes, K.A. Unocic, M.J. Lance, and P.A. Pint, Influence of Superalloy Composition and Pt Content on the Oxidation Behavior of Gamma-Gamma Prime NiPtAl Bond Coatings, Oxid. Met., 2016, 86, p 453–481
M. Chieux, C. Duhamel, R. Molins, L. Remy, and J.-Y. Guedou, Effect of Superalloy Composition on the Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of TBC Systems, Oxid. Met., 2014, 81, p 57–67
H.M. Tawancy, and L.M. Al-Hadhrami, Comparative Performance of a Thermal Barrier Coating System Utilizing Platinum Aluminide Bond Coat on Alloys CMSX-4 and MAR M 002DS, Trans. ASME J. Gas Turbines Power, 2012, 134, article number 012101.
H.M. Tawancy, and L.M. Al-Hadhrami, Influence of Titanium in Nickel-Base Superalloys on the Performance of Thermal Barrier Coatings Utilizing γ-γ′ Platinum Bond Coats, Trans. ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbine Power, 2011, 133, article number 042101.
H.M. Tawancy, A.I. Mohamed, N.M. Abbas, R.E. Jones, and D.S. Rickerby, Effect of Superalloy Substrate Composition on the Performance of a Thermal Barrier Coating System, J. Mater. Sci., 2003, 38, p 3797–3807
D.K. Das, Microstructure and High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Pt-Modified Aluminide Bond Coats on Ni-Base Superalloys, Prog. Mater. Sci., 2013, 58, p 151–182
J.S. Smith, and D.H. Boone, Platinum-Modified Aluminides-Present Status, 1990 ASME International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit, ASME, New York, 1990, Paper Number 90-GT-319
H.M. Tawancy, N. Sridhar, N.M. Abbas, and D.S. Rickerby, Failure Mechanism of a Thermal Barrier Coating System on a Nickel-Base Superalloy, J. Mater. Sci., 1998, 33, p 681–686
N.M. Yanar, M. Helminiak, G.H. Meier, and F.S. Pettit, Comparison of the Failure During Cycling Oxidation of Yttria-Stabilized (7 to 8 Weight Percent) Zircona Thermal Barrier Coatings Fabricated via Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition and Air Plasma Spray, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2011, 42A, p 905–921
H.E. Evans, Oxidation failure Of TBC Systems: An Assessment of Mechanism, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1512–1521
N.M. Yanar, F.S. Pettit, and G.H. Meier, Failure Characteristics During Cyclic Oxidation of yttria Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited Via Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition on Platinum Aluminide and on NiCoCrAlY Bond Coats with Processing Modifications for Improved Performances, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2006, 37A, p 1563–1580
L. Remy, C. Guerre, I. Rouzou, and R. Molins, Assessment of TBC Oxidation-Induced Degradation Using Compression Tests, Oxid. Met., 2014, 81, p 3–15
H.M. Tawancy, On the Degradation Modes and Oxidation Behavior of Platinum Aluminide Bond Coats in Thermal Barrier Coating Used as Surface Protection System for a Turbine Blade Superalloy, Oxid. Met., 2014, 81, p 237–252
S.M. Meier, D.M. Nissley, K.D. Scheffer, and T.A. Cruse, Thermal Barrier Coating Life Prediction Model Development, Trans. ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 1992, 114, p 258–263
I. Spitsberg, D.R. Mumm, and A.G. Evans, On the Failure Mechanism of Thermal Coatings with Diffusion Aluminide Bond Coatings, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2005, A394, p 176–191
H.M. Tawancy, N.M. Abbas, and T.N. Rhys-Jones, Role of Platinum in Aluminide Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 1991, 49, p 1–7
H.M. Tawancy, and L.M. Al-Hadhrami, Role of Platinum in Thermal Barrier Coatings Used in Gas Turbine Blade Applications, Trans ASME J. Gas Turbine Power, 2010, 132, article number 022103.
H.M. Tawancy, N.M. Abbas, and M.O. Aboelfotoh, Effect of Platinum on the Oxide-to-Metal Adhesion in Thermal Barrier Coating Systems, J. Mater. Sci., 2008, 43, p 2978–2989
P.Y. Hou, Segregation Behavior at TGO/Bond Coat Interfaces, Oxid. Met., 2009, 44, p 1711–1725
Y. Zhang, J.A. Haynes, W.Y. Lee, I.G. Eright, B.A. Pint, K.M. Cooley, and P.K. Liaw, Effects of Pt Incorporation on the Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Vapor Deposition aluMinide Coatings, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, 32A, p 1727–1741
B. Gleeson, N. Mu, and S. Hayashi, Compositional Factors Affecting the Establishment and Maintenance of Al2O3 Scales on Ni-Al-Pt Systems, J. Mater. Sci., 2009, 44, p 1704–1710
J. Schaeffer, G.M. Kim, G.H. Meier, and F.S. Pettit, The effects of precious metals on the oxidation and hot corrosion of coatings, The Role of Active Elements in the Oxidation Behavior of High Temperature Metals and Alloys, E. Lang, Ed., Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1989, p 231–270
J.G. Fountain, F.A.G. Golightly, F.H. Stott, and G.C. Wood, The Influence of Platinum on the Maintenance of α-Al2O3 as a Protective Scale, Oxid. Met., 1976, 10, p 341–345
H.M. Tawancy, Correlation of Processing Technique and Microstructure of Platinum Aluminide Bond Coats with the Performance of Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited on Nickel Base Superalloy, Mater. High Temp., 2014, 31, p 76–83
B. Tryon, F. Cao, K.S. Murphy, C.G. Levi, and T.M. Pollock, Ruthenium-Containing Bond Coats for Thermal Barrier Coating Systems, JOM, 2006, 58, p 53–59
B. Tyron, Q. Feng, R.G. Wellman, K.S. Murphy, J. Yang, C.G. Levi, J.R. Nicholls, and T.M. Pollock, Multilayered Ruthenium-Modified Bond Coats for Thermal Barrier Coatings, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2006, 37A, p 3347–3358
A. Suzuki, Y. Wu, A. Yamaguchi, H. Murakami, and C.M.F. Rae, Oxidation Behavior of Pt-Ir Modified Aluminized Coatings on Ni-Base Single-Crystal Superalloy TMS-82+, Oxid. Met., 2007, 68, p 53–64
Y. Song, C. Zhou, and H. Murakami, Microstructural Investigation of PGM-Based Alloy Coatings for Oxidation Protection, Mater. Corros., 2011, 62, p 674–680
H.M. Tawancy, Influence of Ruthenium on the Oxidation Behavior of Platinum-Rich g-g’ Bond Coats and their Performance in Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited on a Nickel-Base Superalloy, Oxid. Met., 2015, 84, p 527–539
V.K. Tolpygo, D.R. Clarke, and K.S. Murphy, The Effect of Grit Blasting on the Oxidation Behavior of a Platinum-Modified Nickel-Aluminide Coating, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, 32A, p 1467–1478
C.R.K. Rao and D.C. Trivedi, Chemical and Electrochemical Deposition of Platinum Group Metals and their Applications, Coord. Chem. Rev., 2005, 249, p 613–631
P.J. Goodhew, J. Humphreys, and R. Beanland, Electron Microscopy and Analysis, 3rd ed., Taylor and Francis, New York, 2002, p 24–27
E.W. Ross and C.T. Sims, Nickel-base alloys, Superalloys II, C.T. Sims, N.S. Stoloff, and W.C. Hagel, Ed., Wiley, New York, 1987, p 97–134
G. Raykhtsaum, Binary Phase Diagrams for Selected Platinum Alloys, Platin. Met. Rev., 2013, 57, p 3
V.K. Tolpygo and D.R. Clarke, Damage induced by thermal cycling of thermal barrier coatings, Elevated Temperature Coatings: Science and Technology IV, N.B. Dahotre, J.M. Hampikian, and J.E. Morral, Ed., The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, 2001, p 93–108
V.K. Tolpygo and D.R. Clarke, Surface Rumpling of a (Ni,Pt)Al Bond Coat Induced by Cyclic Oxidation, Acta Mater., 2000, 48, p 3283–3293
H.M. Tawancy, Enhancing the Oxidation Properties of Gamma Prime + Gamma Platinum Bond Coats by Rhenium and Yttrium Additions for Improved Adhesion of Thermal Barrier Coatings on Nickel-Base Superalloys, Oxid. Met., 2015, 84, p 491–507
H. Hindam and D.P. Whittle, Microstructure, Adhesion and Growth Kinetics of Protective Scales on Metals and Alloys, Oxid. Met., 1982, 18, p 245–284
N.P. Padture, M. Gell, and E.H. Evance, Materials Science—Thermal Barrier Coatings for Gas Turbine Engine Applications, Science, 2002, 296, p 280–284
J.L. Smilaek and G.M. Meier, High-temperature oxidation, Superalloys II, C.S. Sims, N.S. Stoloff, and W.C. Hagel, Ed., Wiley, New York, 1987, p 293–326
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) through the Science and Technology Unit at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for funding this work through Project No. 12-ADV2398-04 as part of the National Science, Technology and Innovation Plan.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tawancy, H.M., Alhems, L.M. & Aboelfotoh, M.O. Performance of Bond Coats Modified by Platinum Group Metals for Applications in Thermal Barrier Coatings. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 26, 3191–3203 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2749-9
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2749-9