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Highly Graphitized Porous Carbon Prepared from Biomass Waste Sunflower Shells for Supercapacitors

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Abstract

The graphitization and porous structure of carbon materials have been the focus of research on the electrochemical properties of supercapacitors. In this work, highly graphitized porous carbon (HPCS) is fabricated from biowaste sunflower shells using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activator. The effects of the mass ratio of KOH to raw material and activation temperature on the electrochemical properties are studied in detail. The results show that highly graphitized porous carbon after activation at 800°C for 2 h (HPCS-800–2) exhibits obvious graphitized stripes with a spacing of ca. 0.34 nm and a lower ID/IG value (0.797) than that of pristine carbon with non-activation (0.917). The HPCS-800–2 reaches a high specific capacitance of 403 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. In addition, the HPCS-800–2//HPCS-800–2 symmetric supercapacitor device displays outstanding higher energy density of 20.84 Wh kg−1 than that of the YP50//YP50 device (8.18 Wh kg−1).

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (No.2022AAC03098), Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (No.2021BEB04074), and the Sixth Group Youth Science and Technology Talents Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.

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  1. Yuxiang Ren and Zhongxiong Xu contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Ningxia Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Materials and New Energy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People’s Republic of China

    Yongtao Tan, Yuxiang Ren, Zhongxiong Xu, Yuling Zhu & Haibo Li

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Tan, Y., Ren, Y., Xu, Z. et al. Highly Graphitized Porous Carbon Prepared from Biomass Waste Sunflower Shells for Supercapacitors. J. Electron. Mater. 52, 2603–2613 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-023-10223-1

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