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High-Gain Low-Profile EBG Resonator Antenna Based on Quasi-Icosahedral Shapes

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Abstract

Studying the geometry of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures in 1 and 3 dimensions is useful for achieving effective directional radiation, high gain, and side-lobe attenuation of antennae. This paper presents an EBG antenna, whose radiating source is a rectangular notched patch, which can be used for applications around 20 GHz. Two conventional woodpile dielectric structures with a triangular lattice are presented in a comparative study to extract the best physical and electromagnetic performance in terms of directivity, bandwidth, and gain; these are the square and the cylindrical rods. These two structures’ electromagnetic and geometrical limits allow the design of a 3D EBG structure called an icosahedral structure. The proposed antenna is composed of different ceramic substrates (the Arlon AR 450, (h = 0.48 mm, ɛr = 4.5, El Tand = 0.0035) on which the radiating element is placed, the Rogers TMM 13i, (ɛr = 12.85, El Tand = 0.0019) for the 3D icosahedral structure; and the Taconic TLY-5A, (ɛr = 2.17, El Tand = 0.0009) for the 1D lateral walls). With a substrate-plated radiation source coupled with a 3D icosahedral structure and surrounded by a vertically mounted 1D structure, a directivity of 19 dBi was obtained with a realized gain of 17.7 dB and an optimal coupling (antenna–EBG material) at 19.8 GHz. These results are encouraging given the antenna size of 33.41 × 27.87 × 37.36 mm3.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to express our gratitude to all the persons who have contributed directly or indirectly to the realization of this work. Special thanks to all the staff of the LINS Laboratory of Bab Ezzouar and the Faculty of Electronics of the USTHB for their help and assistance.

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  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, BP 32 El-Alia, 16123, Bab-Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria

    Mustapha Hadj Sadok, Youssef Lamhene & Samir Berkani

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  1. Mustapha Hadj Sadok
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  2. Youssef Lamhene
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  3. Samir Berkani
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Hadj Sadok, M., Lamhene, Y. & Berkani, S. High-Gain Low-Profile EBG Resonator Antenna Based on Quasi-Icosahedral Shapes. J. Electron. Mater. 52, 140–152 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-022-10046-6

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