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In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction Observations of Low-Temperature Ag-Nanoink Sintering and High-Temperature Eutectic Reaction with Copper

  • Symposium: Neutron and X-Ray Studies of Advanced Materials IV
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Abstract

Nanoinks, which contain nanometer-sized metallic particles suspended in an organic dispersant fluid, are finding numerous microelectronic applications. One characteristic of nanoinks is that they sinter at much lower temperatures than bulk metals due to their high surface area to volume ratio and small radius of curvature, which reduces their melting points significantly below their bulk values. The unusually low sintering temperatures have unique potential for materials joining, since their melting points increase dramatically afterward. In this article, the sintering kinetics of Ag nanoink is studied using in-situ synchrotron methods to determine diffraction peak characteristics during the sintering cycle, and to subsequently calculate particle size and growth during sintering. Ag nanoink is further explored as a eutectic bonding medium by tracking phase transformations between sintered Ag nanoink and a Cu substrate to high temperatures, where melting occurs at the Ag-Cu eutectic, demonstrating nanoinks as a viable eutectic bonding medium.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Jenia Karapetrova, APS, for assisting with the synchrotron beam-line setup and operation. This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The ORNL portion of this work was fully supported by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE. The in-situ synchrotron experiments were performed on 34-BM-C at the APS, which is supported by the U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94551-0808, USA

    John W. Elmer (Group Leader for Materials Processes)

  2. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6118, USA

    E. D. Specht (Member of Technical Staff)

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  1. John W. Elmer
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  2. E. D. Specht
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Correspondence to John W. Elmer.

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Manuscript submitted November 5, 2010.

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Elmer, J.W., Specht, E.D. In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction Observations of Low-Temperature Ag-Nanoink Sintering and High-Temperature Eutectic Reaction with Copper. Metall Mater Trans A 43, 1528–1537 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0717-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0717-9

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