Abstract
To accurately predict impact loads can ensure the safe operation of debris flow control projects. The instantaneous impact process is usually considered in the calculation of the debris flow impact force; however, the redistribution of an impact load after structural regulation is unclear. In this study we deduced the theoretical calculation of a debris flow impact on a double-row slit dam, and carried out a verification experiment on the debris flow impact. The calculation model considers the influence of the debris flow properties, dam arrangement and pile material. The results show that the impact force of the debris flow is obviously affected by the bulk density. When the bulk density is 21 kg/m3, the maximum impact force on the pile dam is 1.15 times that when the bulk density is 15 kg/m3, but the time it takes for the debris flow to pass through the dam body is reduced by 60%. The larger the relative pile spacing, the more sufficient the flow space and the lower the maximum impact force. The maximum impact force of relative pile spacing of 0.8 is 12% less than that of elative pile spacing of 0.5. The horizontal distribution of the impact force in the mud depth range is parabolic. The maximum impact force on the centre pier is 1.3 times that of a side pier, and the maximum impact force on the dam body appears at the top of the mud depth range. From the vertical distribution of the impact force, the maximum impact force at the highest mud mark is approximately 70% of that of the bottom. With the increase in the relative pile spacing, the longitudinal maximum impact force distribution first decreases and then increases.
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Abbreviations
- b :
-
dam body width of each row of slit dams
- B :
-
width of the channel
- F r :
-
Froude number
- ρ m :
-
the two-phase fluid density
- ρ o :
-
inflow state fluid density
- ρ 1 :
-
the outflow state fluid density
- θ :
-
slope angle
- λ L :
-
horizontal scaling ratio
- λ A :
-
area scaling ratio
- λ V :
-
volume scaling ratio
- λ u :
-
velocity scaling ratio
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Acknowledgements
The research was funded by the Second Scientific Expedition to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (Grant No.2019QZKK0902), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42201095), the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan (Grant No.2022NSFSC1032), the Sichuan Provincial Transportation Science and Technology Project (2021-A-08), and the Key science and technology projects of transportation industry (2021-MS4-104).
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Wang, Z., Liu, Dc., You, Y. et al. Characteristics of debris flow impact on a double-row slit dam. J. Mt. Sci. 20, 415–428 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-022-7462-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-022-7462-y