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Influence of Weak Dynamic Disturbances on Rockburst Occurring in the Borehole Containing a Small-Scale Single Structural Plane: An Experimental Study

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Abstract

Structural plane plays an important role in affecting the rockburst, especially when it is subjected to an external dynamic disturbance. To investigate the influence of weak dynamic disturbances on a structural rockburst, a series of rockburst tests were conducted using a true triaxial rockburst testing machine enhanced by a video monitoring system. The granite specimens were thin squares (200 mm × 200 mm × 30 mm) with a circular hole (diameter of 50 mm) in the center. These specimens were used to simulate the occurrence of structural rockbursts in tunnels. The structural rockburst process and the corresponding acoustic emission (AE) and energy release were systematically investigated. The results indicated that weak dynamic disturbance decreased the stress level and made the rockburst occur more easily. The type of structural plane changed the influence of the weak dynamic disturbance on the structural rockburst. For the specimens with unexposed structural planes, more rock split and collapsed but fewer local rockbursts occurred, the intensity of the final rockburst was smaller than that of the static loading, and the stress when the final rockburst occurred was approximately 9% lower compared with those without a weak dynamic disturbance. For the specimens with exposed structural planes, the stress when the final rockburst occurred was approximately 10% lower but with a higher rockburst intensity compared with those without a weak dynamic disturbance. The AE characteristics indicated that tensile fractures dominated the rock failure process during the weak dynamic disturbance. The proportion of shear fractures increased with the increasing number of weak dynamic disturbances. In addition, the characteristics of the energy release indicated that weak dynamic disturbance decreased the local energy release rate (LERR) of the unexposed structural planes but increased the LERR of the exposed structural planes. The dip angle of the structural plane had an obvious effect on the rockburst. As the dip angle of the unexposed structural planes increased, the rockburst intensity, variation in the AE parameters, and LERR initially increased and then decreased which indicated that the rockburst was more intense under the dip angles of 30° and 45°. For exposed structural planes, the rockburst intensity, variation of the AE parameters, and LERR increased with increasing dip angle (0°–60°), which indicated that the 60° dip angle was more dangerous.

Highlights

  • The physical simulation tests of the rockburst process of surrounding rocks with a small structural plane near the excavated boundary under the weak dynamic disturbance were successfully carried out.

  • The weak dynamic disturbance decreases the stress level when the structural rockburst occurs and promotes the occurrence of rockburst.

  • Under weak dynamic disturbances, the influence of the structural plane dips of surrounding rock on rockburst is significant and cannot be ignored. With the increasing dip angle of the unexposed structural planes, the rockburst intensity, variation of the AE parameters, and LERR first increase and then decrease. With the increasing dip angle of the exposed structural planes, the rockburst intensity, variation of the AE parameters, and LERR increase.

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Data Availability Statements

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52169021, 51869003, and 52269023), the Guangxi Science and Technology Project (Grant No. AD22080030), and the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (“111” project, Grant No. D23021)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Guoshao Su, Xiaoyang Yan & Jianqing Jiang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Guoshao Su

  3. Guangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Water Security and Intelligent Control for Karst Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Guoshao Su

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  1. Guoshao Su
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Su, G., Yan, X. & Jiang, J. Influence of Weak Dynamic Disturbances on Rockburst Occurring in the Borehole Containing a Small-Scale Single Structural Plane: An Experimental Study. Rock Mech Rock Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-03834-5

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