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Performance study of sodium alginate (SA) with lithium chloride (LiCl)-based solid-state membrane as an electrolyte in electrochemical device application

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Abstract

In this article, we present a novel solid biopolymer-based membrane (BPM) with sodium alginate (SA) as host material incorporated with an ionic salt, lithium chloride (LiCl). Solid BPMs are prepared using the solution casting technique and used as an electrolyte in the fabrication of solid-state Li-ion conducting battery and coin cell. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) method has been carried out to analyze the crystalline/amorphous nature of the membrane. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study is done to confirm the complex formation between the host biopolymer and salt. The ionic conductivity of all prepared BPMs is measured using AC impedance analysis, and the membrane with the composition of 15 mol% of SA:85 mol% of LiCl exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 3.06 × 10−2 S/cm. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the prepared BPMs is examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the membrane of 15 mol% of SA:85 mol% of LiCl exhibits a decreased Tg value of 54.33 °C. The thermal stability of the prepared membranes is studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Transference number measurement (TNM) is made to assure that the major charge carriers involved in transportation are ions. Using the highest ion conducting membrane as an electrolyte, a primary Li-ion conducting battery has been fabricated which results in an OCV of 1.91 V, and various loads are connected to observe the corresponding current drawn from the cell. A coin cell is constructed with the configuration of graphite (G) + tannic acid || 15 mol% of SA:85 mol% of LiCl || LiFePO4 + G + pinch of highest ion conducting membrane, and the galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) analysis is carried out to analyze the rechargeable nature of the prepared membrane and the performance of the coin cell, whereas the cell has undergone charge/discharge process for 200 cycles and resulted with an energy density of 13.94 Wh/Kg, power density of 1111.11 W/Kg, and specific capacitance of 100.40 F/g, respectively.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available (the paper is still not published). But the data is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the project fund received under the DST CURIE core grant for Women PG Colleges DST/CURIE-PG/2022/11.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds were received during the groundwork of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre of Physics, Fatima College (Affiliated With Madurai Kamaraj University), Madurai, 625018, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Aafrin Hazaana, Joseph Ancemma & R. Meera Naachiyar

  2. Materials Research Center, Coimbatore, 641045, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Aafrin Hazaana, S. Selvasekarapandian, R. Meera Naachiyar & N. Muniraj Vignesh

  3. Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Selvasekarapandian

  4. IPGI Instruments, Chennai, 600033, Tamil Nadu, India

    G. Balasubramanian

  5. Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan

    Dorai Arunkumar & Hellar Nithya

  6. Research Centre of Physics, Mannar Thirumalai Naicker College (Affiliated With Madurai Kamaraj University), Madurai, 625004, Tamil Nadu, India

    N. Muniraj Vignesh

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  1. S. Aafrin Hazaana
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Contributions

The entire work has been done by Aafrin Hazaana S and the full manuscript is written by Aafrin Hazaana S. The full manuscript has been corrected by Ancemma Joseph. The concept of the work is given by Selvasekarapandian S. AC Impedance analysis has been done by Meera Naachiyar R. Instrument support & GCD analysis is done by Balasubramanian G. NMR analysis has been done by ArunKumar Dorai and Nithya Heller. Transference Number Measurement is done by Muniraj Vignesh N.

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Correspondence to Joseph Ancemma or S. Selvasekarapandian.

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Hazaana, S.A., Ancemma, J., Selvasekarapandian, S. et al. Performance study of sodium alginate (SA) with lithium chloride (LiCl)-based solid-state membrane as an electrolyte in electrochemical device application. Ionics 30, 1413–1435 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-05350-y

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