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Solid polymer electrolyte based on PEO/PVDF/Mg(ClO4)2-[EMIM][ESO4] system for rechargeable magnesium ion batteries

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Abstract

Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) membranes were prepared using the solution-cast technique by mixing polyethylene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride/magnesium perchlorate (PEO/PVDF/Mg(ClO4)2) ternary system with concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt. % of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate [EMIM][ESO4]. The SPE membrane of SPE:IL (60:40 wt. %) demonstrated several electrochemical properties that satisfy a potential application in rechargeable magnesium ion batteries (MIBs) such as good conductivity at room temperature (~ 5.4 × 10−5 S cm−1) and high Mg2+ ion transport number (\({t}_{{Mg}^{2+}} \sim 0.34\)). The results by X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed an amorphous structure, which favored the diffusion of Mg2+ ions within the SPE structure. In addition, differential thermal analysis (DTA) showed the melting point at ~ 329 K. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups in SPE membrane, identified by the appearance of the absorption bands C–O–C, CH2, C–O, ClO4−, and C–O–S–O. The electrochemical stability window of ~ 4.2 V was determined using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV).

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Data Availability

The findings of this study are supported by data which can be made available by the corresponding author upon a reasonable institutional request.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank for the laboratory equipment used in this project (Materials Laboratory 2) at División de Estudios de Posgrado. Jesús Guzmán-Torres also thanks to CONACYT for the scholarship awarded to continue the PhD studies.

Funding

Authors would like to thank Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, C.P. 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Jesús Guzmán-Torres, Edgar González-Juárez, María de la Luz Hernández-Nieto & Eduardo M. Sánchez

  2. CONACyT–Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Sur 204 Parque de Innovación E Investigación Tecnológica, Av. Alianza, 66629, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Arián Espinosa-Roa

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  1. Jesús Guzmán-Torres
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  2. Edgar González-Juárez
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Contributions

Jesús Guzmán-Torres: investigation, validation, software, formal analysis, and writing—original draft. Edgar González-Juárez: electrochemical characterization testing participation. María de la Luz Hernández-Nieto: helped with solid polymer electrolytes preparation. Arián Espinosa-Roa: DFT study participation. Eduardo M. Sánchez: conceptualization, supervision, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Eduardo M. Sánchez.

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Guzmán-Torres, J., González-Juárez, E., de la Luz Hernández-Nieto, M. et al. Solid polymer electrolyte based on PEO/PVDF/Mg(ClO4)2-[EMIM][ESO4] system for rechargeable magnesium ion batteries. Ionics 29, 2341–2349 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-04968-2

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