Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Secure medical image encryption with Walsh–Hadamard transform and lightweight cryptography algorithm

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It is important to ensure the privacy and security of the medical images that are produced with electronic health records. Security is ensured by encrypting and transmitting the electronic health records, and privacy is provided according to the integrity of the data and the decryption of data with the user role. Both the security and privacy of medical images are provided with the innovative use of lightweight cryptology (LWC) and Walsh–Hadamard transform (WHT) in this study. Unlike the light cryptology algorithm used in encryption, the hex key in the algorithm is obtained in two parts. The first part is used as the public key and the second part as the user-specific private key. This eliminated the disadvantage of the symmetric encryption algorithm. After the encryption was performed with a two-part hex key, the Walsh–Hadamard transform was applied to the encrypted image. In the Walsh–Hadamard transform, the Hadamard matrix was rotated with certain angles according to the user role. This allowed the encoded medical image to be obtained as a vector. The proposed method was verified with the results of the number of pixel change rates and unified average changing intensity measurement parameters and histogram analysis. The results showed that the method is more successful than the lightweight cryptology method and the proposed methods in the literature to solve security and privacy of the data in medical applications with user roles.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Suzuki T, Emura K, Ohigashi T (2019) A generic construction of integrated secure-channel free PEKS and PKE and its application to EMRs in cloud storage. J Med Syst 43(5):128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Thakur S, Singh AK, Ghrera SP, Elhoseny M (2019) Multi-layer security of medical data through watermarking and chaotic encryption for tele-health applications. Multimed Tools Appl 78(3):3457–3470

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wu S, Du J (2019) Electronic medical record security sharing model based on blockchain. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy (pp. 13–17)

  4. Suresh D, Florence ML (2019) Securing personal health record system in cloud using user usage based encryption. J Med Syst 43(6):171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Roy M, Mali K, Chatterjee S, Chakraborty S, Debnath R, Sen S (2019) A study on the applications of the biomedical image encryption methods for secured computer aided diagnostics. In 2019 Amity International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AICAI), pp 881–886. IEEE

  6. Chen WK, Tso HK (2013) Visual sharing protection method for medical images. J Med Syst 37(1):9900

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Lima JB, Madeiro F, Sales FJ (2015) Encryption of medical images based on the cosine number transform. Signal Process Image Commun 35:1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Banik A, Shamsi Z, Laiphrakpam DS (2019) An encryption scheme for securing multiple medical images. J Inf Secur Appl 49:102398

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wadi SM, Zainal N (2014) High definition image encryption algorithm based on AES modification. Wirel Pers Commun 79(2):811–829

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Tawalbeh LA, Mowafi M, Aljoby W (2013) Use of elliptic curve cryptography for multimedia encryption. IET Inf Secur 7(2):67–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhang C, Li J, Wang S, Wang Z (2017) An encrypted medical image retrieval algorithm based on DWT-DCT frequency domain. In 2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA), pp 135–141. IEEE

  12. Anand A, Singh AK (2020) An improved DWT-SVD domain watermarking for medical information security. Comput Commun 152:72–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hafsa A, Gafsi M, Malek J, Machhout M (2021) FPGA Implementation of improved security approach for medical image encryption and decryption. Sci Program 2021

  14. Wu J, Xie Z, Liu Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Liu S (2016) Multiple-image encryption based on computational ghost imaging. Opt Commun 359:38–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bouslimi D, Coatrieux G, Roux C (2012) A joint encryption/watermarking algorithm for verifying the reliability of medical images: application to echographic images. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 106(1):47–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Dzwonkowski M, Papaj M, Rykaczewski R (2015) A new quaternion-based encryption method for DICOM images. IEEE Trans Image Process 24(11):4614–4622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Kaur M, Kumar V (2018) Adaptive differential evolution-based Lorenz chaotic system for image encryption. Arab J Sci Eng 43(12):8127–8144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kaaniche N, Laurent M (2017) Data security and privacy preservation in cloud storage environments based on cryptographic mechanisms. Comput Commun 111:120–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sneha PS, Sankar S, Kumar AS (2020) A chaotic colour image encryption scheme combining Walsh-Hadamard transform and Arnold-Tent maps. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 11(3):1289–1308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Mishra Z, Acharya B (2020) High throughput and low area architectures of secure IoT algorithm for medical image encryption. J Inf Secur Appl 53:102533

    Google Scholar 

  21. Savima K (2020) A review on present light weight block cypher for IoT devices to reduce possible malware attacks. Purakala with ISSN 0971–2143 is an UGC CARE J 31(18): 490–508

  22. Thakur S, Singh AK, Ghrera SP, Mohan A (2020) Chaotic based secure watermarking approach for medical images. Multimed Tools Appl 79(7):4263–4276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Clark K, Vendt B, Smith K, Freymann J, Kirby J, Koppel P, … Tarbox L (2013) The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA): maintaining and operating a public information repository. J Digit Imaging 26(6):1045–1057

  24. Scarpace L, Flanders A, Jain R, Mikkelsen T, Andrews D (2015) Data from REMBRANDT. The cancer imaging archive. https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.588OZUZB

  25. Chen M, Ma G, Tang C, Lei Z (2020) Generalized optical encryption framework based on Shearlets for medical image. Opt Lasers Eng 128:106026

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Niyat AY, Moattar MH (2020) Color image encryption based on hybrid chaotic system and DNA sequences. Multimed Tools Appl 79(1–2):1497–1518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Ghebleh M, Kanso A (2019) A novel efficient image encryption scheme based on chained skew tent maps. Neural Comput Appl 1–16

  28. Li C, Luo G, Qin K, Li C (2017) An image encryption scheme based on chaotic tent map. Nonlinear Dyn 87(1):127–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Yin S, Liu J, Teng L (2020) improved elliptic curve cryptography with homomorphic encryption for medical image encryption. IJ Netw Secur 22(3):419–424

    Google Scholar 

  30. Krishnamoorthi R, Murali P (2014) Chaos based image encryption with orthogonal polynomials model and bit shuffling. In 2014 International Conference on Signal processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), pp 107–112. IEEE

  31. Fu C, Li WJ, Meng ZY, Wang T, Li PX (2013) A symmetric image encryption scheme using chaotic baker map and Lorenz system. In 2013 Ninth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security, pp 724–728. IEEE

  32. Akkasaligar PT, Biradar S (2020) Selective medical image encryption using DNA cryptography. Inf Secur J Glob Perspect 29(2):91–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Giudice A, Barone S, Muraca D, Averta F, Diodati F, Antonelli A, Fortunato L (2020) Can teledentistry improve the monitoring of patients during the COVID-19 dissemination? A descriptive pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(10):3399

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Talhaoui MZ, Wang X, Midoun MA (2021) A new one-dimensional cosine polynomial chaotic map and its use in image encryption. Vis Comput 37(3):541–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Ravichandran D, Banu SA, Murthy BK, Balasubramanian V, Fathima S, Amirtharajan R (2021) An efficient medical image encryption using hybrid DNA computing and chaos in transform domain. Med Biol Eng Comput 59(3):589–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Simav Technology Faculty, Kutahya Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, 43500, Turkey

    Ömer Kasim

Authors
  1. Ömer Kasim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ömer Kasim.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kasim, Ö. Secure medical image encryption with Walsh–Hadamard transform and lightweight cryptography algorithm. Med Biol Eng Comput 60, 1585–1594 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-022-02565-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-022-02565-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation